Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 19, sentence 18
The wind blew sharp and shrill, The snow began to fall, And Lox began to think How very nice ’twould be, And pleasant, to be _warm_.
Who acts: wind, snow, Lox · What happens: blow, begin, fall, think, be, _ · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 19. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wind, snow, Lox), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 wind | det |
| 2 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 blew | nsubj |
| 3 | blew | blow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 blew | xcomp |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 shrill | cc |
| 6 | shrill | shrill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sharp | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 began | punct |
| 8 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 snow | det |
| 9 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 began | nsubj |
| 10 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 blew | conj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 fall | mark |
| 12 | fall | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 began | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 began | punct |
| 14 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 began | cc |
| 15 | Lox | Lox | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 began | nsubj |
| 16 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 blew | conj |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 think | mark |
| 18 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 began | xcomp |
| 19 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 21 nice | advmod |
| 20 | very | very | ADV | _ | 21 nice | advmod |
| 21 | nice | nice | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 think | ccomp |
| 22 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 21 nice | punct |
| 23 | twould | twould | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 be | aux |
| 24 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 21 nice | cop |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 pleasant | punct |
| 26 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 pleasant | cc |
| 27 | pleasant | pleasant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 nice | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 _ | punct |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 _ | mark |
| 30 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 31 _ | aux:pass |
| 31 | _ | _ | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 think | ccomp |
| 32 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 _ | xcomp |
| 33 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 31 _ | punct |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 blew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | blow | past | the wind | sharp property | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | the snow | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | fall | to-infinitive | the snow not said here | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | begin | past | Lox | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | think speech: other | to-infinitive | Lox not said here | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | is | infinitive | nice property | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | be | tree rules | |||||||
| 8 | _ | to-infinitive · passive | warm property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/19/18/