Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 2, sentence 49
Tortures of this sort were practised by all the tribes, but the Mohawks exceeded the others in cruelty.”
Who acts: tribes, Mohawks · What happens: practise, exceed, torture · To what, where: Tortures, others, sort
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tribes, Mohawks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tortures | torture | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 practised | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 sort | case |
| 3 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 sort | det |
| 4 | sort | sort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Tortures | nmod |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 practised | aux:pass |
| 6 | practised | practise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 tribes | case |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 tribes | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 tribes | det |
| 10 | tribes | tribe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 practised | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 exceeded | punct |
| 12 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 exceeded | cc |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Mohawks | det |
| 14 | Mohawks | mohawk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 exceeded | nsubj |
| 15 | exceeded | exceed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 practised | conj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 others | det |
| 17 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 exceeded | obj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 cruelty | case |
| 19 | cruelty | cruelty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 exceeded | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 practised | punct |
| 21 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 practised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | practise | past · passive | all tribes | Tortures of this sort | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | exceed | past | the Mohawks | the others | in cruelty | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot other=Theme in cruelty=Attribute | |||
| 3 | torture | this sort | nom torture «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/2/49/