Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 3, sentence 76
The inverted apostrophe ʿ has the value of a softly breathed _h_.
Who acts: inverted apostrophe ʿ · What happens: invert, have, breathe, value · To what, where: value, breathed h
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (inverted apostrophe ʿ), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 ʿ | det |
| 2 | inverted | invert | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 ʿ | amod |
| 3 | apostrophe | apostrophe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 ʿ | compound |
| 4 | ʿ | ʿ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 has | nsubj |
| 5 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 value | det |
| 7 | value | value | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 has | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 h | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 h | det |
| 10 | softly | softly | ADV | _ | 11 breathed | advmod |
| 11 | breathed | breathe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 h | amod |
| 12 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 11 breathed | punct |
| 13 | h | H | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 value | nmod |
| 14 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 5 has | punct |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 has | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | invert | participle | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | have | present | the inverted apostrophe ʿ | the value of a breathed h | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent value=Patient | ||||
| 3 | breathe | participle | softly property | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | value | a breathed h | nom value «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/3/76/