Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 4, sentence 87
In the olden time, The Rattlesnakes were Indians, And they were very saucy: Men said they were all face, And never could be frozen; They could not be put down by much, And they rose for very little.
Who acts: Rattlesnakes, Indians, Men · What happens: be, say, not freeze, not put down, rise · To what, where: Indians, face, RATTLESNAKES · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rattlesnakes, Indians, Men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 time | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 time | det |
| 3 | olden | olden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 time | amod |
| 4 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 saucy | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 time | punct |
| 6 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Rattlesnakes | det |
| 7 | Rattlesnakes | rattlesnake | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 Indians | nsubj |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 Indians | cop |
| 9 | Indians | Indian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 15 saucy | nsubj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 saucy | punct |
| 11 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 saucy | cc |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 saucy | nsubj |
| 13 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 saucy | cop |
| 14 | very | very | ADV | _ | 15 saucy | advmod |
| 15 | saucy | saucy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 18 said | punct |
| 17 | Men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 said | nsubj |
| 18 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 saucy | parataxis |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 face | nsubj |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 face | cop |
| 21 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 face | det |
| 22 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 said | ccomp |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 frozen | punct |
| 24 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 frozen | cc |
| 25 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 28 frozen | advmod |
| 26 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 frozen | aux |
| 27 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 frozen | aux:pass |
| 28 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 said | conj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 put | punct |
| 30 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 put | nsubj |
| 31 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 put | aux |
| 32 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 34 put | advmod |
| 33 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 34 put | aux:pass |
| 34 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 said | conj |
| 35 | down | down | ADP | _ | 34 put | compound:prt |
| 36 | by | by | ADP | _ | 37 much | case |
| 37 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 put | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 rose | punct |
| 39 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 rose | cc |
| 40 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 rose | nsubj |
| 41 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 said | conj |
| 42 | for | for | ADP | _ | 44 little | case |
| 43 | very | very | ADV | _ | 44 little | advmod |
| 44 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 rose | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 saucy | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the Rattlesnakes | Indians | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | past | Indians | time | RATTLESNAKES = rattlesnake nsubj; saucy property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | Men | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is a | past | RATTLESNAKES = rattlesnake | all face | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not freeze | could · passive | Men not said here | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V» | |||||
| 6 | not put down | could · passive | RATTLESNAKES = rattlesnake | by much | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme by much=Destination | ||||
| 7 | rise | past | RATTLESNAKES = rattlesnake | for little | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/4/87/