Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 5, sentence 35
It had taken them seven years To reach the Master’s lodge, But seven days were enough To tread the path to their huts-- That is, for him who got there, For indeed there was only one, And that was the hunter, who With his marvellous pipe in his pocket, And never a care in his heart, Trudged on well satisfied To think that all his life He never should want a joint Of venison in his cabin Or a bear-skin to lie upon, As indeed he never did.
Who acts: seven days, That, Master, life · What happens: take, reach, be, tread, get, trudge · To what, where: It, lodge, path, care, one, hunter · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (seven days, That, Master, life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 taken | aux |
| 3 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 taken | obj |
| 5 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 years | nummod |
| 6 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 taken | obl:unmarked |
| 7 | To | to | PART | _ | 8 reach | mark |
| 8 | reach | reach | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 taken | advcl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Master | det |
| 10 | Master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 lodge | nmod:poss |
| 11 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 10 Master | case |
| 12 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 reach | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 enough | punct |
| 14 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 enough | cc |
| 15 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 days | nummod |
| 16 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 enough | nsubj |
| 17 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 enough | cop |
| 18 | enough | enough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 taken | conj |
| 19 | To | to | PART | _ | 20 tread | mark |
| 20 | tread | tread | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 enough | advcl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 path | det |
| 22 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 tread | obj |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 huts | case |
| 24 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 huts | nmod:poss |
| 25 | huts | hut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 tread | obl |
| 26 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 33 got | punct |
| 27 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 31 him | nsubj |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 him | cop |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 him | punct |
| 30 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 him | case |
| 31 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 got | nsubj |
| 32 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 got | nsubj |
| 33 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 taken | conj |
| 34 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 33 got | advmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 one | punct |
| 36 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 39 was | mark |
| 37 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 39 was | advmod |
| 38 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 39 was | expl |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 one | cop |
| 40 | only | only | ADV | _ | 41 one | advmod |
| 41 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 33 got | conj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 hunter | punct |
| 43 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 hunter | cc |
| 44 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 47 hunter | nsubj |
| 45 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 hunter | cop |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 hunter | det |
| 47 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 got | conj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 pipe | punct |
| 49 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 53 pipe | nsubj |
| 50 | With | with | ADP | _ | 53 pipe | case |
| 51 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 53 pipe | nmod:poss |
| 52 | marvellous | marvellous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 pipe | amod |
| 53 | pipe | pipe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 hunter | obl |
| 54 | in | in | ADP | _ | 56 pocket | case |
| 55 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 56 pocket | nmod:poss |
| 56 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 pipe | nmod | ||
| 57 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 61 care | punct |
| 58 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 61 care | cc |
| 59 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 61 care | advmod |
| 60 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 61 care | det |
| 61 | care | care | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 got | obl |
| 62 | in | in | ADP | _ | 64 heart | case |
| 63 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 64 heart | nmod:poss |
| 64 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 care | nmod |
| 65 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 66 Trudged | punct |
| 66 | Trudged | trudge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 64 heart | acl |
| 67 | on | on | ADP | _ | 69 satisfied | case |
| 68 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 69 satisfied | advmod |
| 69 | satisfied | satisfied | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 66 Trudged | conj |
| 70 | To | to | PART | _ | 71 think | mark |
| 71 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 69 satisfied | csubj |
| 72 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 79 want | mark |
| 73 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 75 life | det:predet |
| 74 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 75 life | nmod:poss |
| 75 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 79 want | nsubj |
| 76 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 79 want | nsubj |
| 77 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 79 want | advmod |
| 78 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 79 want | aux |
| 79 | want | want | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 71 think | ccomp |
| 80 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 81 joint | det |
| 81 | joint | joint | NOUN | Number=Sing | 79 want | obj |
| 82 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 83 venison | case |
| 83 | venison | venison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 81 joint | nmod |
| 84 | in | in | ADP | _ | 86 cabin | case |
| 85 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 86 cabin | nmod:poss |
| 86 | cabin | cabin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 79 want | obl |
| 87 | Or | or | CCONJ | _ | 91 skin | cc |
| 88 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 91 skin | det |
| 89 | bear | bear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 91 skin | compound |
| 90 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 89 bear | punct |
| 91 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 86 cabin | conj |
| 92 | to | to | PART | _ | 93 lie | mark |
| 93 | lie | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 91 skin | acl |
| 94 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 93 lie | obl |
| 95 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 100 did | punct |
| 96 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 100 did | mark |
| 97 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 100 did | advmod |
| 98 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 100 did | nsubj |
| 99 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 100 did | advmod |
| 100 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 79 want | conj |
| 101 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 taken | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past · perfect · passive | It | year | roots = root obj | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme they=Destination | |||
| 2 | reach | to-infinitive | the Master's lodge | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent lodge=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is | past | seven days | enough property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | tread | to-infinitive | seven days not said here | the path | to roots's huts | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location path=Theme | |||
| 5 | is | present | That | for Master | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | get | past | Master | a care in Master's heart | there | who nsubj | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||
| 7 | is a | past | Master not said here | one | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | is a | past | that | the hunter | with Master's marvellous pipe the hunter in Master's pocket | tree rules | |||
| 9 | trudge | participle | Master's heart not said here | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 10 | think speech: other | to-infinitive | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||||
| 11 | not want | should | Master's life | a joint of venison | Master's cabin or a bear skin | Master nsubj | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot joint=Theme | ||
| 12 | lie | to-infinitive | Master's life not said here | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 13 | not do | past | Master | indeed property | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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