Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 5, sentence 81
This The Badger should direct; While on the other sat Two great and powerful men, And these were Būʾūinuk Or sorcerers who were skilled In sledding, and they hoped To see the others soon Fall out upon the ground, And then to run over them.
Who acts: Badger, other, Būʾūinuk · What happens: direct, sit, be, skill, hope, see · To what, where: Two great men, Būʾūinuk, sledding, others, ground
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Badger, other, Būʾūinuk), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 Badger | nsubj |
| 2 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Badger | det |
| 3 | Badger | Badger | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 direct | nsubj |
| 4 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 direct | aux |
| 5 | direct | direct | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 sat | punct |
| 7 | While | while | SCONJ | _ | 11 sat | mark |
| 8 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 other | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 other | det |
| 10 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 sat | nsubj |
| 11 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 direct | parataxis |
| 12 | Two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 men | nummod |
| 13 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 men | amod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 powerful | cc |
| 15 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 great | conj |
| 16 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 sat | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 skilled | punct |
| 18 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 skilled | cc |
| 19 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 21 Būʾūinuk | det |
| 20 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 Būʾūinuk | cop |
| 21 | Būʾūinuk | Būʾūinuk | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 skilled | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | Or | or | CCONJ | _ | 23 sorcerers | cc |
| 23 | sorcerers | sorcerer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 Būʾūinuk | conj |
| 24 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 skilled | nsubj |
| 25 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 skilled | aux:pass |
| 26 | skilled | skill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 sat | conj |
| 27 | In | in | ADP | _ | 28 sledding | case |
| 28 | sledding | sledding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 skilled | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 hoped | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 hoped | cc |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 hoped | nsubj |
| 32 | hoped | hope | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 sat | conj |
| 33 | To | to | PART | _ | 34 see | mark |
| 34 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 hoped | xcomp |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 others | det |
| 36 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 see | obj |
| 37 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 38 Fall | advmod |
| 38 | Fall | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 hoped | advcl |
| 39 | out | out | ADV | _ | 38 Fall | advmod |
| 40 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 42 ground | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 ground | det |
| 42 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 Fall | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 run | punct |
| 44 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 run | cc |
| 45 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 47 run | advmod |
| 46 | to | to | PART | _ | 47 run | mark |
| 47 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 direct | conj |
| 48 | over | over | ADP | _ | 49 them | case |
| 49 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 run | obl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 direct | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | direct | should | the Badger This | vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | sit | past | the other | Two great men | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location man=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | this Būʾūinuk or sorcerers | sorcerers conj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | skill | past · passive | this Būʾūinuk or sorcerers | sledding | who nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 5 | hope | past | Būʾūinuk | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | see not said to happen | to-infinitive | Būʾūinuk not said here | the others | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer other=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | fall out | present | Būʾūinuk not said here | the ground | out, soon property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon ground=Location | |||
| 8 | run | to-infinitive | the Badger This not said here | then | over Būʾūinuk | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over they=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/5/81/