Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 6, sentence 8
So then the race was set, And Thunder should compete, But at the time his friend Lent him the magic pipe Which gave him wondrous power Over all dark sorcery Such as Būʾūinuk use And witches dark and vile.
Who acts: Thunder, friend, magic pipe · What happens: set, compete, lend, give, use, witch · To what, where: race, Thunder, wondrous power, dark sorcery
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thunder, friend, magic pipe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 6 set | advmod |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 set | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 race | det |
| 4 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 set | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 set | aux:pass |
| 6 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 compete | punct |
| 8 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 compete | cc |
| 9 | Thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 compete | nsubj |
| 10 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 compete | aux |
| 11 | compete | compete | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 set | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 Lent | punct |
| 13 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 Lent | cc |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 time | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 time | det |
| 16 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Lent | obl |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 friend | nmod:poss |
| 18 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Lent | nsubj |
| 19 | Lent | lend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 set | conj |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 Lent | obj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 pipe | det |
| 22 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 pipe | compound |
| 23 | pipe | pipe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 use | nsubj |
| 24 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 gave | nsubj |
| 25 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 pipe | acl:relcl |
| 26 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 gave | iobj |
| 27 | wondrous | wondrous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 power | amod |
| 28 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 gave | obj |
| 29 | Over | over | ADP | _ | 32 sorcery | case |
| 30 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 32 sorcery | det |
| 31 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 sorcery | amod |
| 32 | sorcery | sorcery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 gave | obl |
| 33 | Such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 35 Būʾūinuk | case |
| 34 | as | as | ADP | _ | 33 Such | fixed |
| 35 | Būʾūinuk | Būʾūinuk | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 sorcery | nmod |
| 36 | use | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 Lent | parataxis |
| 37 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 witches | cc |
| 38 | witches | witch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 use | conj |
| 39 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 witches | xcomp |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 vile | cc |
| 41 | vile | vile | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 dark | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 set | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | past · passive | the race | then | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | ||||
| 2 | compete | should | Thunder | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | lend | past | Thunder's friend | Thunder | time | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 4 | give | past | the magic pipe | wondrous power | Thunder | all dark sorcery such Būʾūinuk | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient power=Theme | ||
| 5 | use | present | the magic pipe | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | witch | present | the magic pipe not said here | dark property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/6/8/