Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 7, sentence 89
The tale is told of Kulóskap That, once while travelling To visit Partridge Island And then Cape Blomidon, His friends were tired of rowing, Tired of travel by water, And wished to cross by land; And, while they all were resting, The Master, raising his magic Unto a mighty deed To be spoken of forever, Went away for a little time And cast up a giant ridge, A wide and beautiful level Over great bogs and streams, And across this they travelled Rejoicing, to await him.
Who acts: friends, Cape, roads, water · What happens: tell, travel, visit, be, wish, cross · To what, where: tale, Partridge Island, Master, magic, giant ridge, this · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friends, Cape, roads, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 tale | det |
| 2 | tale | tale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 told | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 told | aux:pass |
| 4 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Kulóskap | case |
| 6 | Kulóskap | Kulóskap | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 told | obl |
| 7 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 told | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 travelling | punct |
| 9 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 11 travelling | advmod |
| 10 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 11 travelling | mark |
| 11 | travelling | travel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 told | advcl |
| 12 | To | to | PART | _ | 13 visit | mark |
| 13 | visit | visit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 travelling | xcomp |
| 14 | Partridge | Partridge | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 Island | compound |
| 15 | Island | Island | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 visit | obj |
| 16 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 wished | cc |
| 17 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 35 wished | advmod |
| 18 | Cape | Cape | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 wished | nsubj |
| 19 | Blomidon | Blomidon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Cape | flat |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 tired | punct |
| 21 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 friends | nmod:poss |
| 22 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 tired | nsubj |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 tired | cop |
| 24 | tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 Cape | parataxis |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 rowing | case |
| 26 | rowing | rowing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 tired | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Tired | punct |
| 28 | Tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 rowing | amod |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 travel | case |
| 30 | travel | travel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 Tired | obl |
| 31 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 water | case |
| 32 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 travel | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 wished | punct |
| 34 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 wished | cc |
| 35 | wished | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 visit | conj |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 cross | mark |
| 37 | cross | cross | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 wished | xcomp |
| 38 | by | by | ADP | _ | 39 land | case |
| 39 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 cross | obl |
| 40 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 47 resting | punct |
| 41 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 resting | cc |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 And | punct |
| 43 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 47 resting | mark |
| 44 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 47 resting | nsubj |
| 45 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 44 they | det |
| 46 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 resting | aux |
| 47 | resting | rest | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 35 wished | advcl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 Master | punct |
| 49 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 Master | det |
| 50 | Master | Master | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 resting | obl |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 raising | punct |
| 52 | raising | raise | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 47 resting | advcl |
| 53 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 54 magic | nmod:poss |
| 54 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 raising | obj |
| 55 | Unto | unto | ADP | _ | 58 deed | case |
| 56 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 58 deed | det |
| 57 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 deed | amod |
| 58 | deed | deed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 raising | obl |
| 59 | To | to | PART | _ | 61 spoken | mark |
| 60 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 61 spoken | aux:pass |
| 61 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 52 raising | advcl |
| 62 | of | of | ADP | _ | 63 forever | case |
| 63 | forever | forever | ADV | _ | 61 spoken | advmod |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 65 Went | punct |
| 65 | Went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 resting | conj |
| 66 | away | away | ADV | _ | 65 Went | advmod |
| 67 | for | for | ADP | _ | 70 time | case |
| 68 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 70 time | det |
| 69 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 70 time | amod |
| 70 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 Went | obl |
| 71 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 72 cast | cc |
| 72 | cast | cast | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 65 Went | conj |
| 73 | up | up | ADP | _ | 72 cast | compound:prt |
| 74 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 76 ridge | det |
| 75 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 76 ridge | amod |
| 76 | ridge | ridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 cast | obj |
| 77 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 82 level | punct |
| 78 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 82 level | det |
| 79 | wide | wide | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 82 level | amod |
| 80 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 81 beautiful | cc |
| 81 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 79 wide | conj |
| 82 | level | level | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 ridge | appos |
| 83 | Over | over | ADP | _ | 85 bogs | case |
| 84 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 85 bogs | amod |
| 85 | bogs | bog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 82 level | nmod |
| 86 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 87 streams | cc |
| 87 | streams | stream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 85 bogs | conj |
| 88 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 93 travelled | punct |
| 89 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 93 travelled | cc |
| 90 | across | across | ADP | _ | 91 this | case |
| 91 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 93 travelled | obl |
| 92 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 93 travelled | nsubj |
| 93 | travelled | travel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 resting | conj |
| 94 | Rejoicing | rejoice | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 93 travelled | advcl |
| 95 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 97 await | punct |
| 96 | to | to | PART | _ | 97 await | mark |
| 97 | await | await | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 94 Rejoicing | ccomp |
| 98 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 97 await | obj |
| 99 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | present · passive | the tale | of Kulóskap; That obj | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient that=Topic | ||||
| 2 | travel | gerund | once property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | visit | to-infinitive | Partridge Island | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent island=Co-Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | past | Cape's friends | of rowing; tired property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | wish | past | Cape | then | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 6 | cross not said to happen | to-infinitive | Cape not said here | by land | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | rest | past · progressive | roads = road | the Master | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 8 | raise | gerund | roads = road not said here | Cape's magic | unto a mighty deed | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent magic=Theme | |||
| 9 | speak speech: other | to-infinitive · passive | roads = road not said here | forever property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V» | ||||
| 10 | go away | past | roads = road not said here | time | away property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 11 | cast up | past | roads = road not said here | a giant ridge | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ridge=Product | ||||
| 12 | travel | past | roads = road | this | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across this=Trajectory | ||||
| 13 | rejoice | gerund | roads = road not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 14 | await | to-infinitive | roads = road not said here | Cape | tree rules | ||||
| 15 | travel | water | nom travel «act intransitive»: by=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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