Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 8, sentence 21
So he went forth, resolved, Following Sable’s trail, And tracked him through the snow, Three days and nights, and then Heard some one sing afar; It was the magic song Which sorcerers only sing When in the direst need, And death is drawing near.
Who acts: Master, trail, sorcerers, death · What happens: go, resolve, follow, track, be, sing · To what, where: trail, Master, snow, magic song
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Master, trail, sorcerers, death), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 went | nsubj |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 3 went | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 resolved | punct |
| 6 | resolved | resolve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 went | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Following | punct |
| 8 | Following | follow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 resolved | advcl |
| 9 | Sable | Sable | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 trail | nmod:poss |
| 10 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 9 Sable | case |
| 11 | trail | trail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Following | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 tracked | punct |
| 13 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 tracked | cc |
| 14 | tracked | track | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 tracked | obj |
| 16 | through | through | ADP | _ | 18 snow | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 snow | det |
| 18 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 tracked | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 days | punct |
| 20 | Three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 21 days | nummod |
| 21 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 snow | appos |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 nights | cc |
| 23 | nights | night | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 days | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 Heard | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 Heard | cc |
| 26 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 27 Heard | advmod |
| 27 | Heard | Heard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 went | parataxis |
| 28 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 31 afar | det |
| 29 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 sing | nummod |
| 30 | sing | sing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 afar | compound |
| 31 | afar | afar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 Heard | appos |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 song | punct |
| 33 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 song | nsubj |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 song | cop |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 song | det |
| 36 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 song | compound |
| 37 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 Heard | conj |
| 38 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 sing | obj |
| 39 | sorcerers | sorcerer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 sing | nsubj |
| 40 | only | only | ADV | _ | 41 sing | advmod |
| 41 | sing | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 song | acl:relcl |
| 42 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 41 sing | advmod |
| 43 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 need | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 need | det |
| 45 | direst | dire | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 46 need | amod |
| 46 | need | need | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 When | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 drawing | punct |
| 48 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 drawing | cc |
| 49 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 drawing | nsubj |
| 50 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 drawing | aux |
| 51 | drawing | draw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 46 need | conj |
| 52 | near | near | ADV | _ | 51 drawing | advmod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | Master | Heard and the magic song parataxis; forth property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | resolve | participle | Master not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | follow | gerund | Master not said here | Sable's trail | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trail=Theme | ||||
| 4 | track | past | Master not said here | Master | the snow | vn stalk-35.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent he=Theme through snow=Location | |||
| 5 | is a | past | trail | the magic song | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | sing speech: express | present | sorcerers | the magic song | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location which=Theme | ||||
| 7 | draw | present · progressive | death | near property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/8/21/