Celtic Fairy Tales, The Story of Deirdre, sentence 45
"What men are these you refer to?" said Deirdre.
Who acts: these, Deirdre · What happens: be, refer, say · To what, where: these · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Story of Deirdre. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (these, Deirdre), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 these | punct |
| 2 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 these | nsubj |
| 3 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 these | nsubj |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 these | cop |
| 5 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 7 refer | nsubj |
| 6 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 refer | nsubj |
| 7 | refer | refer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 said | parataxis |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 refer | obl |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 refer | punct |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 refer | punct |
| 11 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | Deirdre | Deirdre | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 said | nsubj |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | present | these | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | refer in a quote | infinitive | these | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | say speech: ask | past | Deirdre | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/13/45/