Celtic Fairy Tales, Jack and His Comrades, sentence 12
"Never say't twice," says Jack, and he pitched in big stones and sods into the slob, till the ass got good ground under him.
Who acts: Jack, ass · What happens: not say't, say, pitch, get · To what, where: big stones, good ground · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack and His Comrades. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jack, ass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 say't | punct |
| 2 | Never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 3 say't | advmod |
| 3 | say't | say't | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 says | ccomp |
| 4 | twice | twice | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 3 say't | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 say't | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 say't | punct |
| 7 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 says | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 pitched | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 pitched | cc |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 pitched | nsubj |
| 12 | pitched | pitch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 says | parataxis |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 stones | case |
| 14 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 stones | amod |
| 15 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 pitched | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 sods | cc |
| 17 | sods | sod | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 stones | conj |
| 18 | into | into | ADP | _ | 20 slob | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 slob | det |
| 20 | slob | slob | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 pitched | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 got | punct |
| 22 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 25 got | mark |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 ass | det |
| 24 | ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 got | nsubj |
| 25 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 pitched | conj |
| 26 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 ground | amod |
| 27 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 got | obj |
| 28 | under | under | ADP | _ | 29 him | case |
| 29 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 got | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 says | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not say't in a quote | infinitive | twice property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | Jack | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | pitch | past | Jack | big stones and sods | into the slob | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent in stone=Destination | |||
| 4 | get | past | the ass | good ground | under Jack | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ground=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/18/12/