Celtic Fairy Tales, Jack and His Master, sentence 140
"Now you cruel old villain," said he, giving the knife a couple of scrapes along the floor, "I'll make you an offer.
Who acts: you, cruel old villain · What happens: villain, say, give, make · To what, where: knife, offer, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack and His Master. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, cruel old villain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 villain | punct |
| 2 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 villain | advmod |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 6 villain | nsubj |
| 4 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 villain | amod |
| 5 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 villain | amod |
| 6 | villain | villain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 said | nsubj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 villain | punct |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 villain | punct |
| 9 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 said | nsubj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 giving | punct |
| 12 | giving | give | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 said | advcl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 knife | det |
| 14 | knife | knife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 giving | obj |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 couple | det |
| 16 | couple | couple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 giving | obj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 scrapes | case |
| 18 | scrapes | scrape | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 couple | nmod |
| 19 | along | along | ADP | _ | 21 floor | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 floor | det |
| 21 | floor | floor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 giving | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 make | punct |
| 23 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 make | punct |
| 24 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 make | nsubj |
| 25 | 'll | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 make | aux |
| 26 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 said | parataxis |
| 27 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 make | obj |
| 28 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 offer | det |
| 29 | offer | offer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 make | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | villain in a quote | you | now | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | cruel old villain | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | give | gerund | cruel old villain not said here | the knife | along the floor | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent knife=Recipient couple=Theme | |||
| 4 | make in a quote | future | cruel old villain = villain | a offer | you | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset you=Beneficiary offer=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/24/140/