Celtic Fairy Tales, Andrew Coffey, sentence 4
He and his good horse were always stumbling up against some tree or stumbling down into some bog-hole that by rights didn't ought to be there.
Who acts: grandfather · What happens: stumble up, stumble down, do, be · To what, where: tree, bog hole
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Andrew Coffey. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grandfather), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 stumbling | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 horse | cc |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 horse | nmod:poss |
| 4 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 horse | amod |
| 5 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 He | conj |
| 6 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 stumbling | aux |
| 7 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 8 stumbling | advmod |
| 8 | stumbling | stumble | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 stumbling | compound:prt |
| 10 | against | against | ADP | _ | 12 tree | case |
| 11 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 tree | det |
| 12 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 stumbling | obl |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 14 stumbling | cc |
| 14 | stumbling | stumble | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 stumbling | conj |
| 15 | down | down | ADV | _ | 14 stumbling | advmod |
| 16 | into | into | ADP | _ | 20 hole | case |
| 17 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 20 hole | det |
| 18 | bog | bog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 hole | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 bog | punct |
| 20 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 stumbling | obl |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 did | obj |
| 22 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 rights | case |
| 23 | rights | right | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 did | obl |
| 24 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 hole | acl:relcl |
| 25 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 ought | advmod |
| 26 | ought | ought | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 did | parataxis |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 there | mark |
| 28 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 29 there | cop |
| 29 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 26 ought | advcl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 stumbling | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stumble up | past · progressive | grandfather | some tree | always property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against tree=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | stumble down | gerund | grandfather not said here | some bog hole | down property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into hole=Destination | |||
| 3 | do | past | some bog hole | by rights | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | is | to-infinitive | there property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/27/4/