Celtic Fairy Tales, The Battle of the Birds, sentence 247
The shoemaker understood that this was the shadow that had driven his people mad.
Who acts: shoemaker, this · What happens: understand, be, drive · To what, where: shadow · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Battle of the Birds. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shoemaker, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 shoemaker | det |
| 2 | shoemaker | shoemaker | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 understood | nsubj |
| 3 | understood | understand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 shadow | mark |
| 5 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 shadow | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 shadow | cop |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 shadow | det |
| 8 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 understood | ccomp |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 driven | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 driven | aux |
| 11 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 shadow | acl:relcl |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 people | nmod:poss |
| 13 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 mad | nsubj |
| 14 | mad | mad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 driven | conj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 understood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | understand | past | the shoemaker | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | is a | past | this | the shadow | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | drive | past · perfect · passive | the shadow | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/31/247/