Celtic Fairy Tales, Notes and References, sentence 3
The former number exceeds that known in France, Italy, Germany, and Russia, where collection has been most active, and is only exceeded by the MS. collection of Finnish folk-tales at Helsingfors, said to exceed 12,000.
Who acts: former number, collection, MS. collection, Russia · What happens: exceed, know, be, say · To what, where: France, 12,000 · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Notes and References. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (former number, collection, MS. collection, Russia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 number | det |
| 2 | former | former | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 number | amod |
| 3 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 exceeds | nsubj |
| 4 | exceeds | exceed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 6 known | mark |
| 6 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 exceeds | advcl |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 France | case |
| 8 | France | France | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 known | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Italy | punct |
| 10 | Italy | Italy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 France | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 Germany | punct |
| 12 | Germany | Germany | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 France | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 said | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 said | cc |
| 15 | Russia | Russia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 said | nsubj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 active | punct |
| 17 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 22 active | advmod |
| 18 | collection | collection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 active | nsubj |
| 19 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 active | aux |
| 20 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 22 active | cop |
| 21 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 22 active | advmod |
| 22 | active | active | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 Russia | acl:relcl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 exceeded | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 exceeded | cc |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 exceeded | aux:pass |
| 26 | only | only | ADV | _ | 27 exceeded | advmod |
| 27 | exceeded | exceed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 active | conj |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 collection | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 collection | det |
| 30 | MS. | MS. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 collection | compound |
| 31 | collection | collection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 exceeded | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 tales | case |
| 33 | Finnish | finnish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 tales | amod |
| 34 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 tales | compound |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 folk | punct |
| 36 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 collection | nmod |
| 37 | at | at | ADP | _ | 38 Helsingfors | case |
| 38 | Helsingfors | Helsingfors | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 tales | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 Russia | punct |
| 40 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 exceeds | parataxis |
| 41 | to | to | PART | _ | 42 exceed | mark |
| 42 | exceed | exceed | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 40 said | xcomp |
| 43 | 12,000 | 12,000 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 42 exceed | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 exceeds | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | exceed | present | the former number | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 2 | know | participle | the former number not said here | France and Italy and Germany | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | is | present · perfect | collection | active property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | exceed | present · passive | the MS. collection of Finnish folk tales at Helsingfors | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | past | Russia | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | exceed | to-infinitive | Russia not said here | 12,000 | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot 12,000=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/34/3/