Celtic Fairy Tales, Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 2, sentence 83

The night was calm as is a lake when there is not a breath of wind to move a wave on it, and there was no sound to be heard but the _cronawn_ of the insects that would go by from time to time, or the hoarse sudden scream of the wild-geese, as they passed from lake to lake, half a mile up in the air over his head; or the sharp whistle of the golden and green plover, rising and lying, lying and rising, as they do on a calm night.

Who acts: night, breath, insects, geese, golden plover, wild geese · What happens: be, move, hear, go up, pass, rise · To what, where: lake, wave, breath, hoarse sudden scream

This is a sentence of «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Connla and the Fairy Maiden, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (night, breath, insects, geese), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 night	det
2	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lake	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 calm	cop
4	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 night	amod
5	as	as	ADP	_	4 calm	fixed
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 lake	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 lake	det
8	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	11 is	advmod
10	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	11 is	expl
11	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 lake	acl:relcl
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 breath	advmod
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 breath	det
14	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 is	nsubj
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 wind	case
16	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 breath	nmod
17	to	to	PART	_	18 move	mark
18	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 is	advcl
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 wave	det
20	wave	wave	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 move	obj
21	on	on	ADP	_	22 it	case
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 wave	nmod
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 was	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 was	cc
25	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	26 was	expl
26	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 lake	cop
27	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	28 sound	det
28	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 was	nsubj
29	to	to	PART	_	31 heard	mark
30	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	31 heard	aux:pass
31	heard	hear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	28 sound	acl
32	but	but	CCONJ	_	35 cronawn	cc
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 cronawn	det
34	_	_	PUNCT	_	35 cronawn	punct
35	cronawn	cronawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 heard	conj
36	_	_	PUNCT	_	39 insects	punct
37	of	of	ADP	_	39 insects	case
38	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	39 insects	det
39	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 was	obl
40	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	42 go	nsubj
41	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	42 go	aux
42	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	39 insects	acl:relcl
43	by	by	ADP	_	42 go	obl
44	from	from	ADP	_	45 time	case
45	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 go	obl
46	to	to	ADP	_	47 time	case
47	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 go	obl
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	53 scream	punct
49	or	or	CCONJ	_	53 scream	cc
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	53 scream	det
51	hoarse	hoarse	ADJ	Degree=Pos	53 scream	amod
52	sudden	sudden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	53 scream	amod
53	scream	scream	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 go	obl
54	of	of	ADP	_	58 geese	case
55	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	58 geese	det
56	wild	wild	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 geese	compound
57	-	-	PUNCT	_	56 wild	punct
58	geese	goose	NOUN	Number=Plur	53 scream	nmod
59	,	,	PUNCT	_	62 passed	punct
60	as	as	SCONJ	_	62 passed	mark
61	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	62 passed	nsubj
62	passed	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	42 go	parataxis
63	from	from	ADP	_	64 lake	case
64	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	62 passed	obl
65	to	to	ADP	_	66 lake	case
66	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	62 passed	obl
67	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 go	punct
68	half	half	DET	NumForm=Word NumType=Frac PronType=Ind	70 mile	det:predet
69	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	70 mile	det
70	mile	mile	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 go	parataxis
71	up	up	ADP	_	42 go	compound:prt
72	in	in	ADP	_	74 air	case
73	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	74 air	det
74	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 go	obl
75	over	over	ADP	_	77 head	case
76	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	77 head	nmod:poss
77	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 go	obl
78	;	;	PUNCT	_	82 whistle	punct
79	or	or	CCONJ	_	82 whistle	cc
80	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	82 whistle	det
81	sharp	sharp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	82 whistle	amod
82	whistle	whistle	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 was	obl
83	of	of	ADP	_	88 plover	case
84	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	88 plover	det
85	golden	golden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	88 plover	amod
86	and	and	CCONJ	_	87 green	cc
87	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	85 golden	conj
88	plover	plover	NOUN	Number=Sing	82 whistle	nmod
89	,	,	PUNCT	_	90 rising	punct
90	rising	rise	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	88 plover	acl
91	and	and	CCONJ	_	92 lying	cc
92	lying	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	90 rising	conj
93	,	,	PUNCT	_	94 lying	punct
94	lying	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	90 rising	conj
95	and	and	CCONJ	_	96 rising	cc
96	rising	rise	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	94 lying	conj
97	,	,	PUNCT	_	100 do	punct
98	as	as	SCONJ	_	100 do	mark
99	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	100 do	nsubj
100	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	94 lying	parataxis
101	on	on	ADP	_	104 night	case
102	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	104 night	det
103	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	104 night	amod
104	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	100 do	obl
105	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 lake	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past					calm property	tree rules
2	is a	present	the night	a lake				tree rules
3	be	present	a breath of wind		there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	move	to-infinitive	a breath of wind not said here	a wave	breath			vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent wave=Theme
5	hear	to-infinitive · passive	the night not said here					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»
6	go up	would	the insects	the hoarse sudden scream of the wild geese		time	over sound's head; in the air	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in air=Attribute
7	pass	past	geese = goose		lake		to lake	vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from lake=Initial_Location to lake=Destination
8	rise	gerund	the golden plover not said here					vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
9	lie	gerund	the golden plover not said here					vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
10	lie	gerund	the golden plover not said here					vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
11	rise	gerund	the golden plover not said here					vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
12	do	present	geese = goose			night		vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
13	scream		the wild geese					nom scream «communication intransitive»: of=agent
14	whistle		the golden plover					nom whistle «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Celtic Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7885 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7885/5/83/