Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 13
How did our ancestors look upon those great tombs, certainly not reared to be forgotten, and how did they--those huge monumental pebbles and swelling raths--enter into and affect the civilisation or religion of the times?
Who acts: ancestors · What happens: look, not rear, forget, pebble, enter, affect · To what, where: civilisation
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ancestors), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | How | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 look | advmod |
| 2 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 look | aux |
| 3 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 ancestors | nmod:poss |
| 4 | ancestors | ancestor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 look | nsubj |
| 5 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 9 tombs | case |
| 7 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 9 tombs | det |
| 8 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 tombs | amod |
| 9 | tombs | tomb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 look | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 reared | punct |
| 11 | certainly | certainly | ADV | _ | 13 reared | advmod |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 reared | advmod |
| 13 | reared | rear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 tombs | conj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 forgotten | mark |
| 15 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 16 forgotten | aux:pass |
| 16 | forgotten | forget | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 reared | xcomp |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 how | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 how | cc |
| 19 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 look | obl |
| 20 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 how | advcl:relcl |
| 21 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 pebbles | nsubj |
| 22 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 26 pebbles | punct |
| 23 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 26 pebbles | det |
| 24 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 pebbles | amod |
| 25 | monumental | monumental | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 pebbles | amod |
| 26 | pebbles | pebble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 did | parataxis |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 raths | cc |
| 28 | swelling | swelling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 raths | compound |
| 29 | raths | rath | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 pebbles | conj |
| 30 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 31 enter | punct |
| 31 | enter | enter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 pebbles | parataxis |
| 32 | into | into | ADP | _ | 31 enter | obl |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 affect | cc |
| 34 | affect | affect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 enter | conj |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 civilisation | det |
| 36 | civilisation | civilisation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 affect | obj |
| 37 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 38 religion | cc |
| 38 | religion | religion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 civilisation | conj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 times | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 times | det |
| 41 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 religion | nmod |
| 42 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 look | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | past · do-support | our ancestors | upon that great tombs | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon tomb=Theme | ||||
| 2 | not rear | participle | our ancestors not said here | certainly property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | forget | to-infinitive · passive | our ancestors not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | pebble | ancestors = ancestor | swelling raths conj | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | enter | present | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | affect | present | the civilisation or religion of the times | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus civilisation=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/1/13/