Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1, sentence 64
The Irish country gentleman prides himself on his love of trees, and entertains a very wholesome contempt for the mercantile boor who, on purchasing an old place, chops down the best timber for the market.
Who acts: Irish country gentleman, mercantile boor, landlord · What happens: pride, entertain, purchase, chop down, love · To what, where: landlord, love, wholesome contempt, old place, best timber, trees
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Irish country gentleman, mercantile boor, landlord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 gentleman | det |
| 2 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 gentleman | amod |
| 3 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gentleman | compound |
| 4 | gentleman | gentleman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 prides | nsubj |
| 5 | prides | pride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 5 prides | obj |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 love | case |
| 8 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 love | nmod:poss |
| 9 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 prides | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 trees | case |
| 11 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 love | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 entertains | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 entertains | cc |
| 14 | entertains | entertain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 prides | parataxis |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 contempt | det |
| 16 | very | very | ADV | _ | 17 wholesome | advmod |
| 17 | wholesome | wholesome | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 contempt | amod |
| 18 | contempt | contempt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 entertains | obj |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 boor | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 boor | det |
| 21 | mercantile | mercantile | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 boor | amod |
| 22 | boor | boor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 contempt | nmod |
| 23 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 purchasing | nsubj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 purchasing | punct |
| 25 | on | on | SCONJ | _ | 26 purchasing | mark |
| 26 | purchasing | purchase | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 boor | acl:relcl |
| 27 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 place | det |
| 28 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 place | amod |
| 29 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 purchasing | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 chops | punct |
| 31 | chops | chop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 entertains | conj |
| 32 | down | down | ADP | _ | 35 timber | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 timber | det |
| 34 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 35 timber | amod |
| 35 | timber | timber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 chops | obl |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 38 market | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 market | det |
| 38 | market | market | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 timber | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 prides | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pride | present | the Irish country gentleman | landlord | landlord's love of trees | tree rules | |||
| 2 | entertain | present | a wholesome contempt | for the mercantile boor | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus contempt=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | purchase | gerund | the mercantile boor | a old place | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Theme | ||||
| 4 | chop down | present | the best timber for the market | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent timber=Patient | |||||
| 5 | love | landlord | trees | nom love «feeling transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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