Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3, sentence 65
For the rest, I have related one or two great events in the life of Cuculain in such a way as to give a description as clear and correct as possible of his own character and history as related by the bards, of those celebrated men and women who were his contemporaries and of his relations with them, of the gods and supernatural powers in whom the people then believed, and of the state of civilisation which then prevailed.
Who acts: I, bards, people, state · What happens: relate, give, celebrate, be, believe, prevail · To what, where: one great events, description, contemporaries
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, bards, people, state), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 rest | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 rest | det |
| 3 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 related | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 rest | punct |
| 5 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 related | nsubj |
| 6 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 related | aux |
| 7 | related | relate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 events | nummod |
| 9 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 10 two | cc |
| 10 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 one | conj |
| 11 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 events | amod |
| 12 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 related | obl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 life | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 life | det |
| 15 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 events | nmod |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Cuculain | case |
| 17 | Cuculain | Cuculain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 life | nmod |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 way | case |
| 19 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 21 way | det:predet |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 way | det |
| 21 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 events | nmod |
| 22 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 24 give | mark |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 give | mark |
| 24 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 related | advcl |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 description | det |
| 26 | description | description | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 give | obj |
| 27 | as | as | ADP | _ | 28 clear | case |
| 28 | clear | clear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 give | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 correct | cc |
| 30 | correct | correct | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 clear | conj |
| 31 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 32 possible | mark |
| 32 | possible | possible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 give | advcl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 character | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 character | nmod:poss |
| 35 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 character | amod |
| 36 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 possible | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 history | cc |
| 38 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 character | conj |
| 39 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 40 related | mark |
| 40 | related | relate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 give | advcl |
| 41 | by | by | ADP | _ | 43 bards | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 bards | det |
| 43 | bards | bard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 related | obl |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 men | punct |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 men | case |
| 46 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 48 men | det |
| 47 | celebrated | celebrate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 48 men | amod |
| 48 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 bards | conj |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 women | cc |
| 50 | women | woman | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 bards | conj |
| 51 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 54 contemporaries | nsubj |
| 52 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 contemporaries | cop |
| 53 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 54 contemporaries | nmod:poss |
| 54 | contemporaries | contemporary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 bards | conj |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 relations | cc |
| 56 | of | of | ADP | _ | 58 relations | case |
| 57 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 58 relations | nmod:poss |
| 58 | relations | relation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 54 contemporaries | conj |
| 59 | with | with | ADP | _ | 60 them | case |
| 60 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 relations | nmod |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 gods | punct |
| 62 | of | of | ADP | _ | 64 gods | case |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 gods | det |
| 64 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 54 contemporaries | conj |
| 65 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 67 powers | cc |
| 66 | supernatural | supernatural | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 powers | compound |
| 67 | powers | power | NOUN | Number=Plur | 54 contemporaries | conj |
| 68 | in | in | ADP | _ | 69 whom | case |
| 69 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 67 powers | nmod |
| 70 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 71 people | det |
| 71 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 73 believed | nsubj |
| 72 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 73 believed | advmod |
| 73 | believed | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 69 whom | acl:relcl |
| 74 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 78 state | punct |
| 75 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 78 state | cc |
| 76 | of | of | ADP | _ | 78 state | case |
| 77 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 78 state | det |
| 78 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 related | obl |
| 79 | of | of | ADP | _ | 80 civilisation | case |
| 80 | civilisation | civilisation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 78 state | nmod |
| 81 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 83 prevailed | nsubj |
| 82 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 83 prevailed | advmod |
| 83 | prevailed | prevail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 78 state | acl:relcl |
| 84 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 related | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | relate | present · perfect | I | one great events in the life of Cuculain in such way | for the rest; of the state of civilisation | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | give | to-infinitive | I not said here | a description | as clear | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent description=Theme | |||
| 3 | relate | participle | I not said here | by the bards and that celebrated men and women and version's contemporaries and version's relations with events and the gods and supernatural powers in version's contemporaries and version's relations with events and the gods and supernatural powers | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | celebrate | participle | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | is a | past | the bards and that celebrated men and women and version's contemporaries and version's relations with events and the gods and supernatural powers in version's contemporaries and relations and the gods and supernatural powers | version's contemporaries and version's relations with events and the gods and supernatural powers in version's contemporaries and version's relations with events and the gods and supernatural powers in contemporaries | version nmod:poss; version's relations with events conj; the gods conj; supernatural powers in version's contemporaries and version's relations with events and the gods and supernatural powers in version's contemporaries and relations and the gods and supernatural powers conj | tree rules | |||
| 6 | believe | past | the people | then | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 7 | prevail | past | the state of civilisation | then | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/3/65/