Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3, sentence 75
A great English poet, himself a severe student, pronounced the early history of his own country to be a mere scuffling of kites and crows, as indeed are all wars which lack the sacred bard, and the sacred bard is absent where the kites and crows pick out his eyes.
Who acts: importance, great English poet, wars, sacred bard, kites · What happens: student, pronounce, be, lack, pick out · To what, where: early history, mere scuffling, sacred bard, eyes
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (importance, great English poet, wars, sacred bard), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 poet | det |
| 2 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 poet | amod |
| 3 | English | English | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 poet | amod |
| 4 | poet | poet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 pronounced | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 student | punct |
| 6 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 9 student | nsubj |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 student | det |
| 8 | severe | severe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 student | amod |
| 9 | student | student | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 poet | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 poet | punct |
| 11 | pronounced | pronounce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 history | det |
| 13 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 history | amod |
| 14 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 pronounced | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 country | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 country | nmod:poss |
| 17 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 country | amod |
| 18 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 history | nmod |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 scuffling | mark |
| 20 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 scuffling | cop |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 scuffling | det |
| 22 | mere | mere | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 scuffling | amod |
| 23 | scuffling | scuffling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 pronounced | advcl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 kites | case |
| 25 | kites | kite | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 scuffling | nmod |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 crows | cc |
| 27 | crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 kites | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 wars | punct |
| 29 | as | as | ADP | _ | 33 wars | case |
| 30 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 33 wars | advmod |
| 31 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 wars | cop |
| 32 | all | all | ADV | _ | 33 wars | advmod |
| 33 | wars | war | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 pronounced | obl |
| 34 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 lack | nsubj |
| 35 | lack | lack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 wars | acl:relcl |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 bard | det |
| 37 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 bard | amod |
| 38 | bard | bard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 lack | obj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 absent | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 absent | cc |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 bard | det |
| 42 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 bard | amod |
| 43 | bard | bard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 absent | nsubj |
| 44 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 absent | cop |
| 45 | absent | absent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 pronounced | parataxis |
| 46 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 51 pick | advmod |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 kites | det |
| 48 | kites | kite | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 pick | nsubj |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 crows | cc |
| 50 | crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 kites | conj |
| 51 | pick | pick | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 absent | advcl |
| 52 | out | out | ADP | _ | 51 pick | compound:prt |
| 53 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 54 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 54 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 pick | obj |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 pronounced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | student | importance | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | pronounce | past | a great English poet and a severe student | the early history of importance's own country | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent history=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | a great English poet and a severe student not said here | a mere scuffling | of kites and crows | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is | present | as wars; all, indeed property | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | lack | present | wars | the sacred bard | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is | present | the sacred bard | absent property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | pick out | present | the kites and crows | importance's eyes | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/3/75/