Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3, sentence 9
To strengthen still further the general historic credibility of these tales, and to show how close to the events and heroes described must have been the bards who originally composed them, I would urge the following considerations.
Who acts: bards, I · What happens: strengthen, show, describe, be, compose, urge · To what, where: general historic credibility, bards, tales, following considerations
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bards, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | PART | _ | 2 strengthen | mark |
| 2 | strengthen | strengthen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 show | advcl |
| 3 | still | still | ADV | _ | 4 further | advmod |
| 4 | further | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 2 strengthen | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 credibility | det |
| 6 | general | general | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 credibility | amod |
| 7 | historic | historic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 credibility | amod |
| 8 | credibility | credibility | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 strengthen | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 tales | case |
| 10 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 11 tales | det |
| 11 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 credibility | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 show | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 show | cc |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 show | mark |
| 15 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 close | advmod |
| 17 | close | close | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 described | advmod |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 events | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 events | det |
| 20 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 close | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 heroes | cc |
| 22 | heroes | hero | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 events | conj |
| 23 | described | describe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 show | advcl |
| 24 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 bards | aux |
| 25 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 bards | aux |
| 26 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 28 bards | cop |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 bards | det |
| 28 | bards | bard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 described | obj |
| 29 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 composed | nsubj |
| 30 | originally | originally | ADV | _ | 31 composed | advmod |
| 31 | composed | compose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 bards | acl:relcl |
| 32 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 composed | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 urge | punct |
| 34 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 36 urge | nsubj |
| 35 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 36 urge | aux |
| 36 | urge | urge | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 show | conj |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 considerations | det |
| 38 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 considerations | amod |
| 39 | considerations | consideration | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 urge | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 show | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strengthen | to-infinitive | the general historic credibility of this tales | still | far property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent credibility=Patient | |||
| 2 | show | to-infinitive | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | describe | past | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | is a | must · perfect | the bards | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | compose | past | the bards | tales = tale | originally property | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Result | |||
| 6 | urge | would | I | the following considerations | vn urge-58.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consideration=Recipient | ||||
| 7 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/3/9/