Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 6, sentence 19
The nature of Olympian ambrosia would have been told in language as clear as that in which Homer describes the preparation of that Pramnian bowl for which Nestor and Machaon waited while Hecamede was grating over it the goat's milk cheese, or that in which the Irish bards described the ambrosia of the Tuatha De Danan, which, indeed, was no more poetic and awe-inspiring than plain bacon prepared by Mananan from his herd of enchanted pigs, living invisible like himself in the plains of Tir-na-n-Og, the land of the ever-young.
Who acts: Homer, Nestor, Hecamede, Irish bards, Tuatha Danan · What happens: tell, describe, wait, grate, not be, be · To what, where: nature, language, preparation, milk cheese, ambrosia, plain bacon · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Homer, Nestor, Hecamede, Irish bards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 nature | det |
| 2 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 told | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 ambrosia | case |
| 4 | Olympian | olympian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 ambrosia | amod |
| 5 | ambrosia | ambrosia | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 nature | nmod |
| 6 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 told | aux |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 9 told | aux |
| 8 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 told | aux:pass |
| 9 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 language | case |
| 11 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 told | obl |
| 12 | as | as | ADV | _ | 13 clear | advmod |
| 13 | clear | clear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 language | amod |
| 14 | as | as | ADP | _ | 15 that | case |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 clear | obl |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 which | case |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 describes | obl |
| 18 | Homer | Homer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 describes | nsubj |
| 19 | describes | describe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 language | acl:relcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 preparation | det |
| 21 | preparation | preparation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 describes | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 bowl | case |
| 23 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 bowl | det |
| 24 | Pramnian | Pramnian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 bowl | compound |
| 25 | bowl | bowl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 preparation | nmod |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 which | case |
| 27 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 waited | obl |
| 28 | Nestor | Nestor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 waited | nsubj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 Machaon | cc |
| 30 | Machaon | Machaon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Nestor | conj |
| 31 | waited | wait | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 bowl | acl:relcl |
| 32 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 35 grating | mark |
| 33 | Hecamede | Hecamede | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 grating | nsubj |
| 34 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 grating | aux |
| 35 | grating | grate | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 waited | advcl |
| 36 | over | over | ADP | _ | 37 it | case |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 grating | obl |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 goat | det |
| 39 | goat | goat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 cheese | nmod:poss |
| 40 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 39 goat | case |
| 41 | milk | milk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 cheese | compound |
| 42 | cheese | cheese | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 grating | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 described | punct |
| 44 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 51 described | cc |
| 45 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 51 described | mark |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 47 which | case |
| 47 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 51 described | obl |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 bards | det |
| 49 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 bards | amod |
| 50 | bards | bard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 described | nsubj |
| 51 | described | describe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 waited | conj |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 ambrosia | det |
| 53 | ambrosia | ambrosia | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 described | obj |
| 54 | of | of | ADP | _ | 58 Danan | case |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 Danan | det |
| 56 | Tuatha | Tuatha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 58 Danan | compound |
| 57 | De | De | PROPN | Number=Sing | 56 Tuatha | flat |
| 58 | Danan | Danan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 ambrosia | nmod |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 67 poetic | punct |
| 60 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 67 poetic | nsubj |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 60 which | punct |
| 62 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 67 poetic | advmod |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 indeed | punct |
| 64 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 67 poetic | cop |
| 65 | no | no | ADV | _ | 67 poetic | advmod |
| 66 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 67 poetic | advmod |
| 67 | poetic | poetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 58 Danan | parataxis |
| 68 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 71 inspiring | cc |
| 69 | awe | awe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 71 inspiring | compound |
| 70 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 69 awe | punct |
| 71 | inspiring | inspiring | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 67 poetic | conj |
| 72 | than | than | ADP | _ | 74 bacon | case |
| 73 | plain | plain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 74 bacon | amod |
| 74 | bacon | bacon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 71 inspiring | obl |
| 75 | prepared | prepare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 74 bacon | acl |
| 76 | by | by | ADP | _ | 77 Mananan | case |
| 77 | Mananan | Mananan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 75 prepared | obl |
| 78 | from | from | ADP | _ | 80 herd | case |
| 79 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 80 herd | nmod:poss |
| 80 | herd | herd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 75 prepared | obl |
| 81 | of | of | ADP | _ | 83 pigs | case |
| 82 | enchanted | enchant | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 83 pigs | amod |
| 83 | pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 80 herd | nmod |
| 84 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 85 living | punct |
| 85 | living | live | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 51 described | advcl |
| 86 | invisible | invisible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 85 living | xcomp |
| 87 | like | like | ADP | _ | 88 himself | case |
| 88 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 86 invisible | obl |
| 89 | in | in | ADP | _ | 91 plains | case |
| 90 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 91 plains | det |
| 91 | plains | plain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 85 living | obl |
| 92 | of | of | ADP | _ | 97 n | case |
| 93 | Tir | Tir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 97 n | compound |
| 94 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 93 Tir | punct |
| 95 | na | na | NOUN | Number=Sing | 97 n | compound |
| 96 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 95 na | punct |
| 97 | n | n | NOUN | Number=Sing | 91 plains | nmod |
| 98 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 99 Og | punct |
| 99 | Og | Og | PROPN | Number=Sing | 97 n | appos |
| 100 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 102 land | punct |
| 101 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 102 land | det |
| 102 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 99 Og | appos |
| 103 | of | of | ADP | _ | 107 young | case |
| 104 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 107 young | det |
| 105 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 107 young | advmod |
| 106 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 105 ever | punct |
| 107 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 102 land | nmod |
| 108 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 told | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tell speech: assert | would · perfect · passive | the nature of Olympian ambrosia | language | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | describe | present | Homer | the preparation of that Pramnian bowl | language | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent preparation=Theme | |||
| 3 | wait | past | Nestor and Machaon | for that Pramnian bowl | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | grate | past · progressive | Hecamede | the goat's milk cheese | nature | vn appeal-31.4-1 «NP V NP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus cheese=Experiencer | |||
| 5 | describe | past | the Irish bards | the ambrosia of the Tuatha Danan | which obl | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent ambrosia=Theme | |||
| 6 | not is | past | the Tuatha Danan | indeed, poetic property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | be | the Tuatha Danan not said here | than plain bacon | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | prepare | participle | plain bacon not said here | Homer's herd of enchanted pigs | by Mananan | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent from herd=Material | |||
| 9 | enchant | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 10 | live | gerund | the Irish bards not said here | the plains of Tir na n | invisible property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in plain=Location | |||
| 11 | prepare | that Pramnian bowl | nom preparation «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/6/19/