Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 6, sentence 2
If rounded letters were then used, why the universal ascription of the late invented Ogham which, as we know from the cemeteries and other sources, was unpopular in the Christian age.
Who acts: late invented Ogham · What happens: round, use, invent, know, be, ascribe · To what, where: rounded letters, cemeteries, Christian age, late invented Ogham
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (late invented Ogham), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 6 used | mark |
| 2 | rounded | round | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 letters | amod |
| 3 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 used | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 used | aux:pass |
| 5 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 used | advmod |
| 6 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 why | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 used | punct |
| 8 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 ascription | det |
| 10 | universal | universal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 ascription | amod |
| 11 | ascription | ascription | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 why | appos |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 Ogham | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Ogham | det |
| 14 | late | late | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 Ogham | amod |
| 15 | invented | invent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 Ogham | amod |
| 16 | Ogham | Ogham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 ascription | nmod |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 know | nsubj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 know | punct |
| 19 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 21 know | mark |
| 20 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 know | nsubj |
| 21 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 Ogham | acl:relcl |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 cemeteries | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 cemeteries | det |
| 24 | cemeteries | cemetery | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 know | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 sources | cc |
| 26 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 sources | amod |
| 27 | sources | source | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 cemeteries | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 unpopular | punct |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 unpopular | cop |
| 30 | unpopular | unpopular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 cemeteries | conj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 age | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 age | det |
| 33 | Christian | Christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 age | amod |
| 34 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 unpopular | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 why | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | round | participle | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | use | past · passive | rounded letters | then | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | invent | participle | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 4 | know | present | the late invented Ogham | the cemeteries and other sources | we nsubj | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 5 | is | past | the late invented Ogham not said here | in the Christian age | unpopular property | tree rules | |||
| 7 | ascribe | the late invented Ogham | nom ascription «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/6/2/