Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 6, sentence 36
Regal Rome, as we know from Niebuhr, was not the root from which our Rome sprang, but an old imperial city, from whose ashes sprang that Rome we all know so well.
Who acts: we, Regal Rome, Rome sprang · What happens: know, not be, spring · To what, where: Niebuhr, root, Rome
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, Regal Rome, Rome sprang), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Regal | regal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 Rome | amod |
| 2 | Rome | Rome | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 root | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Rome | punct |
| 4 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 6 know | mark |
| 5 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 know | nsubj |
| 6 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 root | advcl |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 Niebuhr | case |
| 8 | Niebuhr | Niebuhr | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 know | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 know | punct |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 root | cop |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 root | advmod |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 root | det |
| 13 | root | root | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 14 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 which | case |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 sprang | obl |
| 16 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 sprang | nmod:poss |
| 17 | Rome | Rome | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 sprang | compound |
| 18 | sprang | sprang | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 sprang | nsubj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 city | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 24 city | cc |
| 21 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 city | det |
| 22 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 city | amod |
| 23 | imperial | imperial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 city | amod |
| 24 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 sprang | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 ashes | punct |
| 26 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 ashes | case |
| 27 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 28 ashes | nmod:poss |
| 28 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 sprang | conj |
| 29 | sprang | spring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 root | parataxis |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 know | mark |
| 31 | Rome | Rome | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 know | obl |
| 32 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 know | nsubj |
| 33 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 34 know | advmod |
| 34 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 sprang | advcl |
| 35 | so | so | ADV | _ | 36 well | advmod |
| 36 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 34 know | advmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 root | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | present | we | Niebuhr | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | not is a | past | Regal Rome | the root | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | spring | past | our Rome sprang but a old imperial city and our Rome sprang but a old imperial city and Rome sprang's ashes's ashes | the root | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from which=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | know | present | we | Rome | well property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/6/36/