Early Bardic Literature, Ireland., Age of the Nemedian Gods and Second Cycle of the Fomorians., sentence 4
They all represent antique heroes and heroines, their names being preserved in connection with those monuments which were raised for purposes of sepulture or cult.
Who acts: sons, sepulture · What happens: represent, preserve, raise, name, purpose · To what, where: antique heroes, names, connection, monuments
This is a sentence of «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Age of the Nemedian Gods and Second Cycle of the Fomorians.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sons, sepulture), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 represent | nsubj |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 represent | advmod |
| 3 | represent | represent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | antique | antique | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 heroes | amod |
| 5 | heroes | hero | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 represent | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 heroines | cc |
| 7 | heroines | heroine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 heroes | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 names | punct |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 names | nmod:poss |
| 10 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 heroes | conj |
| 11 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 preserved | aux:pass |
| 12 | preserved | preserve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 names | acl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 connection | case |
| 14 | connection | connection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 preserved | obl |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 monuments | case |
| 16 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 17 monuments | det |
| 17 | monuments | monument | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 connection | nmod |
| 18 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 raised | nsubj:pass |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 raised | aux:pass |
| 20 | raised | raise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 monuments | acl:relcl |
| 21 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 purposes | case |
| 22 | purposes | purpose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 raised | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 sepulture | case |
| 24 | sepulture | sepulture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 purposes | nmod |
| 25 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 cult | cc |
| 26 | cult | cult | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 sepulture | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 represent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | represent | present | sons = son | antique heroes and heroines and sons's names | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot hero=Theme | ||||
| 2 | preserve | gerund · passive | sons's names not said here | connection with that monuments | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING» | ||||
| 3 | raise | past · passive | that monuments | for purposes of sepulture or cult | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | name | sons = son | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 5 | purpose | sepulture or cult | nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Early Bardic Literature, Ireland.» by Standish O'Grady, Project Gutenberg book 8109 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8109/9/4/