Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 3, sentence 18
There little by little he learned the tongue of the tawny Dakotas; And the heart of the good father yearned to lead them away from their idols-- Their giants [16] and dread Thunder-birds --their worship of stones [73] and the devil. "
Who acts: Minnesota, heart, stones · What happens: learn, yearn, lead, dread, worship · To what, where: tongue, worship, hearts, Thunder birds
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minnesota, heart, stones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 learned | expl |
| 2 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 learned | advmod |
| 3 | by | by | ADP | _ | 4 little | case |
| 4 | little | little | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 learned | obl |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 learned | nsubj |
| 6 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 tongue | det |
| 8 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 learned | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Dakotas | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Dakotas | det |
| 11 | tawny | tawny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 Dakotas | amod |
| 12 | Dakotas | dakota | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 tongue | nmod |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 yearned | punct |
| 14 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 yearned | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 heart | det |
| 16 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 yearned | nsubj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 father | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 father | det |
| 19 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 father | amod |
| 20 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 heart | nmod |
| 21 | yearned | yearn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 learned | conj |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 lead | mark |
| 23 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 yearned | xcomp |
| 24 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 lead | obj |
| 25 | away | away | ADV | _ | 23 lead | advmod |
| 26 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 idols | case |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 idols | nmod:poss |
| 28 | idols | idol | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 away | obl |
| 29 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 31 giants | punct |
| 30 | Their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 giants | nmod:poss |
| 31 | giants | giant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 lead | parataxis |
| 32 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 33 16 | punct |
| 33 | 16 | 16 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 31 giants | appos |
| 34 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 33 16 | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 dread | cc |
| 36 | dread | dread | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 lead | conj |
| 37 | Thunder | Thunder | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 birds | compound |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 Thunder | punct |
| 39 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 dread | obj |
| 40 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 42 worship | punct |
| 41 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 worship | nmod:poss |
| 42 | worship | worship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 yearned | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 stones | case |
| 44 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 worship | nmod |
| 45 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 46 73 | punct |
| 46 | 73 | 73 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 42 worship | conj |
| 47 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 46 73 | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 devil | cc |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 devil | det |
| 50 | devil | devil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 worship | conj |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 learned | punct |
| 52 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 learned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | learn | past | Minnesota | the tongue of the tawny Dakotas | there | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Topic | |||
| 2 | yearn | past | the heart of the good father | hearts's worship of stones and the devil | vn long-32.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 3 | lead not said to happen | to-infinitive | the heart of the good father not said here | hearts = heart | hearts's giants parataxis; away property | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 4 | dread | infinitive | the heart of the good father not said here | Thunder birds | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | worship | stones | nom worship «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/10/18/