Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 3, sentence 20
[a] they answered his words, for he read from his book in the Latin, Lest the Nazarene's holy commands by his tongue should be marred in translation; And oft with his beads in his hands, or the cross and the crucified Jesus, He knelt by himself on the sands, and his dim eyes uplifted to heaven.
Who acts: birds, Wakán, tongue · What happens: answer, read, mar, crucify, kneel, uplift · To what, where: words, book, translation, dim eyes, sands, Nazarene · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (birds, Wakán, tongue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 5 answered | punct |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 ] | det |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 5 answered | punct |
| 4 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 answered | nsubj |
| 5 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 words | nmod:poss |
| 7 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 answered | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 read | punct |
| 9 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 11 read | mark |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 read | nsubj |
| 11 | read | read | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 answered | conj |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 book | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 book | nmod:poss |
| 14 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 read | obl |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 Latin | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Latin | det |
| 17 | Latin | Latin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 book | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 commands | punct |
| 19 | Lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 24 commands | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 Nazarene | det |
| 21 | Nazarene | Nazarene | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 commands | nmod:poss |
| 22 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 21 Nazarene | case |
| 23 | holy | holy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 commands | amod |
| 24 | commands | command | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 marred | obl |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 tongue | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 27 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 commands | nmod |
| 28 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 marred | aux |
| 29 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 30 marred | aux:pass |
| 30 | marred | mar | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 read | conj |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 translation | case |
| 32 | translation | translation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 marred | obl |
| 33 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 oft | punct |
| 34 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 oft | cc |
| 35 | oft | oft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 answered | conj |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 38 beads | case |
| 37 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 38 beads | nmod:poss |
| 38 | beads | bead | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 oft | obl |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 hands | case |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 hands | nmod:poss |
| 41 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 beads | nmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 cross | punct |
| 43 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 45 cross | cc |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 cross | det |
| 45 | cross | cross | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 oft | parataxis |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 Jesus | cc |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 Jesus | det |
| 48 | crucified | crucify | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 49 Jesus | amod |
| 49 | Jesus | Jesus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 cross | conj |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 knelt | punct |
| 51 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 knelt | nsubj |
| 52 | knelt | kneel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 oft | conj |
| 53 | by | by | ADP | _ | 54 himself | case |
| 54 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 52 knelt | obl |
| 55 | on | on | ADP | _ | 57 sands | case |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 sands | det |
| 57 | sands | sand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 knelt | obl |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 eyes | punct |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 62 eyes | cc |
| 60 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 62 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 61 | dim | dim | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 62 eyes | amod |
| 62 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 knelt | obl |
| 63 | uplifted | uplift | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 62 eyes | acl |
| 64 | to | to | ADP | _ | 65 heaven | case |
| 65 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 uplifted | obl |
| 66 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | birds = bird | Wakán's words | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent word=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | read | past | Wakán | Wakán's book in the Latin | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent from book=Source | ||||
| 3 | mar | should · passive | Wakán not said here | translation | lest the Nazarene's holy commands by Wakán's tongue | tree rules | |||
| 4 | crucify | participle | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | kneel | past | Wakán | Wakán's dim eyes | the sands | by Wakán | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by himself=Location | ||
| 6 | uplift | participle | Wakán's dim eyes not said here | to heaven | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 7 | word | Wakán | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 8 | command | Wakán's tongue | the Nazarene | nom command «communication transitive»: poss=patient by=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/10/20/