Legends of the Northwest, The Feast of the Virgins., part 8, sentence 20
[a] The Dakotas say that the spirit of Winona forever haunts the lake.
Who acts: Dakotas, spirit · What happens: say, haunt · To what, where: lake · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Feast of the Virgins., part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dakotas, spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 6 say | punct |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 say | det |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 6 say | punct |
| 4 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Dakotas | det |
| 5 | Dakotas | dakota | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 say | nsubj |
| 6 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 haunts | mark |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 spirit | det |
| 9 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 haunts | nsubj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Winona | case |
| 11 | Winona | Winona | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 spirit | nmod |
| 12 | forever | forever | ADV | _ | 13 haunts | advmod |
| 13 | haunts | haunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 say | advcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 lake | det |
| 15 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 haunts | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | the Dakotas | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | haunt | present | the spirit of Winona | the lake | forever property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus lake=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/15/20/