Legends of the Northwest, The Legend of the Falls., sentence 9
Sadly moans the mighty river, foaming down the fettered falls, Where of old he thundered ever o'er abrupt and lofty walls.
Who acts: ne'er · What happens: moan, foam, fetter, thunder · To what, where: mighty river, fettered falls
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Legend of the Falls.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ne'er), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sadly | sadly | ADV | _ | 2 moans | advmod |
| 2 | moans | moan | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 river | det |
| 4 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 river | amod |
| 5 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 moans | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 foaming | punct |
| 7 | foaming | foam | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 moans | advcl |
| 8 | down | down | ADP | _ | 11 falls | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 falls | det |
| 10 | fettered | fetter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 falls | amod |
| 11 | falls | fall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 foaming | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 old | punct |
| 13 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 15 old | advmod |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 old | case |
| 15 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 falls | amod |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 thundered | nsubj |
| 17 | thundered | thunder | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 old | acl:relcl |
| 18 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 20 abrupt | advmod |
| 19 | o'er | o'er | ADV | _ | 20 abrupt | advmod |
| 20 | abrupt | abrupt | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 thundered | xcomp |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 walls | cc |
| 22 | lofty | lofty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 walls | amod |
| 23 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 abrupt | conj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 moans | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | moan | present | the mighty river | sadly property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent river=Theme | ||||
| 2 | foam | gerund | the fettered falls | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down fall=Location | |||||
| 3 | fetter | participle | vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 4 | thunder | past | ne'er | abrupt property | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/16/9/