Legends of the Northwest, The Legend., sentence 45
Hunters hurry in the gloaming, all in vain Wanâta calls; Singing through the surges foaming, lo she plunges o'er the Falls.
Who acts: Hunters, hunter · What happens: hurry, sing, foam, plunge · To what, where: gloaming, surges
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Legend.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hunters, hunter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hunters | hunter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 hurry | nsubj |
| 2 | hurry | hurry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 gloaming | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 gloaming | det |
| 5 | gloaming | gloaming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 hurry | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 all | punct |
| 7 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 gloaming | appos |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 calls | case |
| 9 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 calls | amod |
| 10 | Wanâta | Wanâta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 calls | compound |
| 11 | calls | call | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 all | nmod |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 Singing | punct |
| 13 | Singing | sing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 hurry | advcl |
| 14 | through | through | ADP | _ | 16 surges | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 surges | det |
| 16 | surges | surge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 Singing | obl |
| 17 | foaming | foam | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 Singing | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 plunges | punct |
| 19 | lo | lo | INTJ | _ | 21 plunges | discourse |
| 20 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 plunges | nsubj |
| 21 | plunges | plunge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 hurry | parataxis |
| 22 | o'er | o'er | ADP | _ | 24 Falls | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Falls | det |
| 24 | Falls | Falls | PROPN | Number=Plur | 21 plunges | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 hurry | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hurry | present | Hunters | the gloaming | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in gloaming=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | sing speech: express | gerund | Hunters not said here | the surges | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through surge=Location | ||||
| 3 | foam | gerund | Hunters not said here | vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | plunge | present | hunter | o'er the Falls | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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