Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1, sentence 23
Swing, swing little one, lullaby; Thou'rt not left alone to weep; Mother cares for you,--she is nigh; Sleep, my little one, sweetly sleep; Swing, swing, little one, lullaby; Mother watches you--she is nigh; Gently, gently, wee one swing; Gently, gently, while I sing
Who acts: Swing, Thou'rt, Mother, I · What happens: swing, not leave, weep, care, be, watch · To what, where: little one, you, one swing
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Swing, Thou'rt, Mother, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Swing | swing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 swing | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Swing | punct |
| 3 | swing | swing | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 one | amod |
| 5 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 swing | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 lullaby | punct |
| 7 | lullaby | lullaby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 one | conj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 left | punct |
| 9 | Thou'rt | Thou'rt | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 left | nsubj |
| 10 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 left | advmod |
| 11 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 swing | advcl |
| 12 | alone | alone | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 left | xcomp |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 weep | mark |
| 14 | weep | weep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 alone | xcomp |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 cares | punct |
| 16 | Mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 cares | nsubj |
| 17 | cares | care | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 swing | parataxis |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 you | case |
| 19 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 17 cares | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 nigh | punct |
| 21 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 24 nigh | punct |
| 22 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 nigh | nsubj |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 nigh | cop |
| 24 | nigh | nigh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 cares | conj |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 Sleep | punct |
| 26 | Sleep | sleep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 swing | parataxis |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 one | punct |
| 28 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 one | nmod:poss |
| 29 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 one | amod |
| 30 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 Sleep | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 sleep | punct |
| 32 | sweetly | sweetly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 sleep | amod |
| 33 | sleep | sleep | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 Sleep | conj |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 Swing | punct |
| 35 | Swing | swing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 Sleep | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 swing | punct |
| 37 | swing | swing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 Swing | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 one | punct |
| 39 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 one | amod |
| 40 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 Swing | conj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 lullaby | punct |
| 42 | lullaby | lullaby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 Swing | conj |
| 43 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 45 watches | punct |
| 44 | Mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 watches | nsubj |
| 45 | watches | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 swing | parataxis |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 45 watches | obj |
| 47 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 50 nigh | punct |
| 48 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 50 nigh | nsubj |
| 49 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 50 nigh | cop |
| 50 | nigh | nigh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 watches | conj |
| 51 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 3 swing | punct |
| 52 | Gently | gently | ADV | _ | 3 swing | advmod |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 gently | punct |
| 54 | gently | gently | ADV | _ | 3 swing | advmod |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 wee | punct |
| 56 | wee | wee | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 swing | parataxis |
| 57 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 58 swing | nummod |
| 58 | swing | swing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 wee | obj |
| 59 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 3 swing | punct |
| 60 | Gently | gently | ADV | _ | 3 swing | advmod |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 62 gently | punct |
| 62 | gently | gently | ADV | _ | 3 swing | advmod |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 66 sing | punct |
| 64 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 66 sing | mark |
| 65 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 66 sing | nsubj |
| 66 | sing | sing | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 swing | conj |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swing | infinitive | Swing | little one and lullaby | Sleep and my little one and sweetly sleep and Swing and swing and little one and lullaby parataxis; gently property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme one=Result | |||
| 2 | not leave | participle | Thou'rt | alone property | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | weep | to-infinitive | Thou'rt not said here | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | care | present | Mother | for you | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for you=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | present | mother | nigh property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | watch | present | Mother | you | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme | ||||
| 7 | is | present | mother | nigh property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | wee | infinitive | one swing | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | sing speech: express | present | I | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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