Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1, sentence 79
Like a camp-fire in the forest Left by hunters and deserted; Only seems a bed of ashes, But the East-wind, Wâbun noódin, Scatters through the woods the ashes, Fans to flame the sleeping embers, And the wild-fire roars and rages, Roars and rages through the forest.
Who acts: East wind · What happens: leave, desert, seem, scatter · To what, where: forest, bed, woods
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (East wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Like | like | ADP | _ | 5 fire | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 fire | det |
| 3 | camp | camp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fire | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 camp | punct |
| 5 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 seems | obl |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 forest | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 forest | det |
| 8 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fire | nmod |
| 9 | Left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 forest | acl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 hunters | case |
| 11 | hunters | hunter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 Left | obl |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 deserted | cc |
| 13 | deserted | desert | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 Left | conj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 seems | punct |
| 15 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 16 seems | advmod |
| 16 | seems | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 bed | det |
| 18 | bed | bed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 seems | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 ashes | case |
| 20 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 bed | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 Scatters | punct |
| 22 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 Scatters | cc |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 wind | det |
| 24 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 wind | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 East | punct |
| 26 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 Scatters | nsubj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 noódin | punct |
| 28 | Wâbun | Wâbun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 noódin | compound |
| 29 | noódin | noódin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 wind | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 wind | punct |
| 31 | Scatters | scatter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 seems | conj |
| 32 | through | through | ADP | _ | 34 woods | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 woods | det |
| 34 | woods | wood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 Scatters | obl |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 ashes | det |
| 36 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 woods | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 Fans | punct |
| 38 | Fans | fan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 woods | conj |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 flame | mark |
| 40 | flame | flame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 Scatters | advcl |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 embers | det |
| 42 | sleeping | sleeping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 embers | compound |
| 43 | embers | ember | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 flame | conj |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 roars | punct |
| 45 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 roars | cc |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 fire | det |
| 47 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 fire | amod |
| 48 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 47 wild | punct |
| 49 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 roars | compound |
| 50 | roars | roar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 seems | parataxis |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 52 rages | cc |
| 52 | rages | rage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 roars | conj |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 Roars | punct |
| 54 | Roars | roar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 roars | conj |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 rages | cc |
| 56 | rages | rage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 54 Roars | conj |
| 57 | through | through | ADP | _ | 59 forest | case |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 forest | det |
| 59 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 seems | obl |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 seems | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | participle | the forest not said here | by hunters | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by hunter=Location | ||||
| 2 | desert | past | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | seem | present | a bed of ashes | the forest | like a camp fire in the forest; fire roars and rages and Roars and rages parataxis | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bed=Attribute | |||
| 4 | scatter | present | the East wind and Wâbun noódin | the woods and the ashes and Fans | flame and the sleeping embers advcl | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme through wood=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/18/79/