Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 2, sentence 104

The spirit of a Dakota mother whose only child was drowned in the lake during a storm, many, many years ago often wails at midnight (so the Dakotas say), on this hill.

Who acts: Dakotas · What happens: drown, wail, say · To what, where: spirit, lake · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dakotas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 spirit	det
2	spirit	spirit	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 drowned	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 mother	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 mother	det
5	Dakota	Dakota	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 mother	compound
6	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spirit	nmod
7	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	9 child	nmod:poss
8	only	only	ADV	_	9 child	advmod
9	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mother	nmod
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 drowned	aux:pass
11	drowned	drown	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
12	in	in	ADP	_	14 lake	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 lake	det
14	lake	lake	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 drowned	obl
15	during	during	ADP	_	17 storm	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 storm	det
17	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 lake	nmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 years	punct
19	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 years	amod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 many	punct
21	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 years	amod
22	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 lake	conj
23	ago	ago	ADV	_	22 years	advmod
24	often	often	ADV	_	25 wails	advmod
25	wails	wail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 years	advcl
26	at	at	ADP	_	27 midnight	case
27	midnight	midnight	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 wails	obl
28	(	(	PUNCT	_	32 say	punct
29	so	so	SCONJ	_	32 say	mark
30	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	31 Dakotas	det
31	Dakotas	dakota	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 say	nsubj
32	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 drowned	parataxis
33	)	)	PUNCT	_	32 say	punct
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 hill	punct
35	on	on	ADP	_	37 hill	case
36	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	37 hill	det
37	hill	hill	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 drowned	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 drowned	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drown	past · passive		the spirit of a Dakota mother a Dakota mother child's child	the lake during a storm and many many years		on this hill	vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	wail	present				midnight	often property	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	say speech: assert	present	the Dakotas					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/19/104/

🌲 Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 2, sentence 104

The tree

Pragmatics

Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 2, sentence 104