Legends of the Northwest, The Sea-gull, the Ojibwa Legend of the Pictured Rocks of Lake Superior., sentence 35
I am also indebted to Gen. H. H. Sibley, one of the earliest American traders among them, and to Rev. S. W. Pond, of Shakopee, one of the first Protestant missionaries to these people, and himself the author of poetical versions of some of their principal legends; to Mrs. Eastman's "Dacotah." and last, but not least, to the Rev. E. D. Neill, whose admirable "History of Minnesota" so fully and faithfully presents almost all that is known of the history, traditions, customs, manners and superstitions of the Dakotas.
What happens: indebt, present, know · To what, where: I, H., all
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, The Sea-gull, the Ojibwa Legend of the Pictured Rocks of Lake Superior.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 indebted | nsubj |
| 2 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 indebted | aux:pass |
| 3 | also | also | ADV | _ | 4 indebted | advmod |
| 4 | indebted | indebt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 H. | case |
| 6 | Gen. | Gen. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 H. | nmod:desc |
| 7 | H. | H. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 indebted | obl |
| 8 | H. | H. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 H. | flat |
| 9 | Sibley | Sibley | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 H. | flat |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 one | punct |
| 11 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 H. | appos |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 traders | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 traders | det |
| 14 | earliest | early | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 16 traders | amod |
| 15 | American | American | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 traders | amod |
| 16 | traders | trader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 one | nmod |
| 17 | among | among | ADP | _ | 18 them | case |
| 18 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 traders | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 Rev. | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 Rev. | cc |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 Rev. | case |
| 22 | Rev. | Rev. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 indebted | obl |
| 23 | S. | S. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Rev. | flat |
| 24 | W. | W. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Pond | compound |
| 25 | Pond | Pond | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Rev. | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Shakopee | punct |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 Shakopee | case |
| 28 | Shakopee | Shakopee | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Rev. | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 one | punct |
| 30 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 Shakopee | appos |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 missionaries | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 missionaries | det |
| 33 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 35 missionaries | amod |
| 34 | Protestant | protestant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 missionaries | amod |
| 35 | missionaries | missionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 one | nmod |
| 36 | to | to | ADP | _ | 38 people | case |
| 37 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 38 people | det |
| 38 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 missionaries | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 himself | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 himself | cc |
| 41 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 28 Shakopee | nmod |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 author | det |
| 43 | author | author | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 himself | obj |
| 44 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 versions | case |
| 45 | poetical | poetical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 versions | amod |
| 46 | versions | version | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 author | nmod |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 some | case |
| 48 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 46 versions | nmod |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 legends | case |
| 50 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 legends | nmod:poss |
| 51 | principal | principal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 legends | amod |
| 52 | legends | legend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 some | nmod |
| 53 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 59 Dacotah | punct |
| 54 | to | to | ADP | _ | 59 Dacotah | case |
| 55 | Mrs. | Mrs. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 56 Eastman | compound |
| 56 | Eastman | Eastman | PROPN | Number=Sing | 59 Dacotah | nmod:poss |
| 57 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 56 Eastman | case |
| 58 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 59 Dacotah | punct |
| 59 | Dacotah | Dacotah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 indebted | obl |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 59 Dacotah | punct |
| 61 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 59 Dacotah | punct |
| 62 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 63 last | cc |
| 63 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 59 Dacotah | conj |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 67 least | punct |
| 65 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 67 least | cc |
| 66 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 67 least | advmod |
| 67 | least | least | ADV | Degree=Sup | 4 indebted | advmod |
| 68 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 D. | punct |
| 69 | to | to | ADP | _ | 73 D. | case |
| 70 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 73 D. | det |
| 71 | Rev. | Rev. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 73 D. | compound |
| 72 | E. | E. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 73 D. | compound |
| 73 | D. | D. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 indebted | obl |
| 74 | Neill | Neill | PROPN | Number=Sing | 73 D. | flat |
| 75 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 79 History | punct |
| 76 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 79 History | nmod:poss |
| 77 | admirable | admirable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 79 History | amod |
| 78 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 79 History | punct |
| 79 | History | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 73 D. | appos |
| 80 | of | of | ADP | _ | 81 Minnesota | case |
| 81 | Minnesota | Minnesota | PROPN | Number=Sing | 79 History | nmod |
| 82 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 79 History | punct |
| 83 | so | so | ADV | _ | 84 fully | advmod |
| 84 | fully | fully | ADV | _ | 4 indebted | advmod |
| 85 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 87 presents | cc |
| 86 | faithfully | faithfully | ADV | _ | 87 presents | advmod |
| 87 | presents | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 84 fully | conj |
| 88 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 89 all | advmod |
| 89 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 92 known | nsubj:pass |
| 90 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 92 known | nsubj:pass |
| 91 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 92 known | aux:pass |
| 92 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 87 presents | ccomp |
| 93 | of | of | ADP | _ | 95 history | case |
| 94 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 95 history | det |
| 95 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 92 known | obl |
| 96 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 97 traditions | punct |
| 97 | traditions | tradition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 95 history | conj |
| 98 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 99 customs | punct |
| 99 | customs | custom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 95 history | conj |
| 100 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 101 manners | punct |
| 101 | manners | manners | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 95 history | conj |
| 102 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 103 superstitions | cc |
| 103 | superstitions | superstition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 101 manners | conj |
| 104 | of | of | ADP | _ | 106 Dakotas | case |
| 105 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 106 Dakotas | det |
| 106 | Dakotas | dakota | NOUN | Number=Plur | 103 superstitions | nmod |
| 107 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 indebted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | indebt | present · passive | I | H. Gen. | to Rev. and W. Pond and Shakopee missionary; to Mrs. Eastman's Dacotah; to the Rev. E. D.; fully, least property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | present | present | faithfully property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | know | present · passive | all | of the history and traditions and customs and manners and superstitions of the Dakotas; that nsubj:pass | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/2/35/