Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 124
A Thunder-bird (say the Dakotas) was once killed near Kapóza by the son of Cetan-Wakawa-mâni, and he there upon took the name of "Wakínyan Tanka"--"Big Thunder."]
Who acts: son · What happens: say, kill, take, name · To what, where: Dakotas, Thunder bird, Kapóza, name, Wakínyan · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 bird | det |
| 2 | Thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 bird | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 Thunder | punct |
| 4 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 6 say | punct |
| 6 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 bird | parataxis |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Dakotas | det |
| 8 | Dakotas | Dakotas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 say | obj |
| 9 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 6 say | punct |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 killed | aux:pass |
| 11 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 12 killed | advmod |
| 12 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 13 | near | near | ADP | _ | 14 Kapóza | case |
| 14 | Kapóza | Kapóza | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 killed | obl |
| 15 | by | by | ADP | _ | 17 son | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 son | det |
| 17 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 killed | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Cetan | case |
| 19 | Cetan | Cetan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 son | nmod |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 Wakawa | punct |
| 21 | Wakawa | Wakawa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 Cetan | conj |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 mâni | punct |
| 23 | mâni | mâni | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 Cetan | appos |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 there | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 there | cc |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 there | nsubj |
| 27 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 killed | conj |
| 28 | upon | upon | SCONJ | _ | 29 took | mark |
| 29 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 there | advcl |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 name | det |
| 31 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 took | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 Wakínyan | case |
| 33 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 Wakínyan | punct |
| 34 | Wakínyan | Wakínyan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 name | nmod |
| 35 | Tanka | Tanka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 Wakínyan | flat |
| 36 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 Wakínyan | punct |
| 37 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 40 Thunder | punct |
| 38 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 40 Thunder | punct |
| 39 | Big | Big | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 Thunder | flat |
| 40 | Thunder | Thunder | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 killed | parataxis |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 40 Thunder | punct |
| 42 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 40 Thunder | punct |
| 43 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 12 killed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | infinitive | the Dakotas | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent dakotas=Topic | |||||
| 2 | kill | past · passive | the son of Cetan and Wakawa | a Thunder bird | Kapóza | Big Thunder parataxis; once property | tree rules | ||
| 3 | take | past | the son of Cetan and Wakawa not said here | the name of Wakínyan | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Theme | ||||
| 4 | name | Wakínyan | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/20/124/