Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 15
The Chippewas called the grandfather "Kâ-kâ-keé"--crow or raven--from his war-badge, a crow-skin; and hence the French traders and _courriers du bois_ called him "_Petit Corbeau_"--Little Crow.
Who acts: Kâ, Crow · What happens: call, keé, badge · To what, where: Chippewas, grandfather, bois, Kâ · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kâ, Crow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Chippewas | det |
| 2 | Chippewas | chippewa | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 Chippewas | acl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 grandfather | det |
| 5 | grandfather | grandfather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 called | obj |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 keé | punct |
| 7 | Kâ | Kâ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 keé | nsubj |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 Kâ | punct |
| 9 | kâ | kâ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 keé | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 keé | punct |
| 11 | keé | keé | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 grandfather | appos |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 keé | punct |
| 13 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 14 crow | punct |
| 14 | crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 keé | conj |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 16 raven | cc |
| 16 | raven | raven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 crow | conj |
| 17 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 22 badge | punct |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 badge | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 badge | nmod:poss |
| 20 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 badge | compound |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 war | punct |
| 22 | badge | badge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Chippewas | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 skin | punct |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 skin | det |
| 25 | crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 skin | compound |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 crow | punct |
| 27 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 badge | conj |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 traders | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 traders | cc |
| 30 | hence | hence | ADV | _ | 33 traders | advmod |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 traders | det |
| 32 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 traders | amod |
| 33 | traders | trader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 Chippewas | conj |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 courriers | cc |
| 35 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 36 courriers | punct |
| 36 | courriers | courrier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 traders | conj |
| 37 | du | du | X | Foreign=Yes | 33 traders | nmod |
| 38 | bois | boi | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 traders | nmod |
| 39 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 40 called | punct |
| 40 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 bois | acl |
| 41 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 called | obj |
| 42 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 45 Corbeau | punct |
| 43 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 45 Corbeau | punct |
| 44 | Petit | Petit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 Corbeau | compound |
| 45 | Corbeau | Corbeau | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 called | xcomp |
| 46 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 45 Corbeau | punct |
| 47 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 45 Corbeau | punct |
| 48 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 50 Crow | punct |
| 49 | Little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 Crow | amod |
| 50 | Crow | crow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 traders | conj |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 Chippewas | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call speech: assert | participle | the Chippewas and Crow's war badge and a crow skin and the French traders du bois and courriers and Little Crow not said here | the grandfather | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent grandfather=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | keé in a quote | Kâ | crow or raven conj | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | call | participle | bois not said here | Kâ | Petit Corbeau xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | |||
| 5 | badge | Crow | nom badge «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/20/15/