Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3, sentence 89
[Footnote 23: This stone from which the Dakotas have made their pipes for ages, is esteemed "wakân"--sacred.
What happens: make, esteem · To what, where: Dakotas, stone, Footnote
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 Footnote | punct |
| 2 | Footnote | footnote | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 esteemed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | 23 | 23 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 Footnote | flat |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 stone | punct |
| 5 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 stone | det |
| 6 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Footnote | appos |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 which | case |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 made | obl |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Dakotas | det |
| 10 | Dakotas | dakota | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 made | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 made | aux |
| 12 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 stone | acl:relcl |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 pipes | nmod:poss |
| 14 | pipes | pipe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 made | obj |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 ages | case |
| 16 | ages | age | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 made | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Footnote | punct |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 esteemed | aux:pass |
| 19 | esteemed | esteem | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 20 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 wakân | punct |
| 21 | wakân | wakân | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 esteemed | obj |
| 22 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 wakân | punct |
| 23 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 24 sacred | punct |
| 24 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 wakân | appos |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 esteemed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | present · perfect · passive | the Dakotas | this stone | for ages | Dakotas's pipes obj | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP PP»: subject=Beneficiary pipe=Product from which=Material | ||
| 2 | esteem | present · passive | Footnote | wakân obj | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Theme wakân=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/20/89/