Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4, sentence 162
The _Ta-sha-ke_--literally, "Deer-hoofs"--is a rattle made by hanging the hard segments of deer-hoofs to a wooden rod a foot long--about an inch in diameter at the handle end, and tapering to a point at the other.
Who acts: Ta · What happens: be, make, hang, taper · To what, where: rattle, hard segments, other
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ta), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Ta | det |
| 2 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 3 Ta | punct |
| 3 | Ta | Ta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 rattle | nsubj |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 Ta | punct |
| 5 | sha | sha | X | _ | 3 Ta | flat:foreign |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 ke | punct |
| 7 | ke | ke | X | Foreign=Yes | 3 Ta | conj |
| 8 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 3 Ta | punct |
| 9 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 3 Ta | punct |
| 10 | literally | literally | ADV | _ | 3 Ta | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 hoofs | punct |
| 12 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 hoofs | punct |
| 13 | Deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 hoofs | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 Deer | punct |
| 15 | hoofs | hoof | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 Ta | appos |
| 16 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 hoofs | punct |
| 17 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 3 Ta | punct |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 rattle | cop |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 rattle | det |
| 20 | rattle | rattle | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 21 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 rattle | acl |
| 22 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 23 hanging | mark |
| 23 | hanging | hang | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 made | advcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 segments | det |
| 25 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 segments | amod |
| 26 | segments | segment | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 hanging | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 hoofs | case |
| 28 | deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 hoofs | compound |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 deer | punct |
| 30 | hoofs | hoof | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 segments | nmod |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 rod | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 rod | det |
| 33 | wooden | wooden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 rod | amod |
| 34 | rod | rod | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 hanging | obl |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 foot | det |
| 36 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 long | obl:unmarked |
| 37 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 34 rod | advmod |
| 38 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 41 inch | punct |
| 39 | about | about | ADP | _ | 41 inch | case |
| 40 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 inch | det |
| 41 | inch | inch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 hanging | obl |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 diameter | case |
| 43 | diameter | diameter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 inch | nmod |
| 44 | at | at | ADP | _ | 47 end | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 end | det |
| 46 | handle | handle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 end | compound |
| 47 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 inch | nmod |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 tapering | punct |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 tapering | cc |
| 50 | tapering | taper | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 hanging | conj |
| 51 | to | to | ADP | _ | 53 point | case |
| 52 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 53 point | det |
| 53 | point | point | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 tapering | obl |
| 54 | at | at | ADP | _ | 56 other | case |
| 55 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 56 other | det |
| 56 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 tapering | obl |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 rattle | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Ta | a rattle | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | make | participle | a rattle not said here | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 3 | hang | gerund | the hard segments of deer hoofs | to a wooden rod result; about a inch in diameter at the handle end | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent segment=Patient to rod=Result | ||||
| 4 | taper | gerund | the other | to a point | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/21/162/