Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4, sentence 17

[Footnote 56: The Ojibways imitate the hoot of the owl and the howl of the wolf to perfection, and often use these cries as signals to each other in war and the chase.]

Who acts: Ojibways, owl, wolf · What happens: imitate, use, hoot, howl · To what, where: hoot, cries, war, Footnote

This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ojibways, owl, wolf), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	[	[	PUNCT	_	2 Footnote	punct
2	Footnote	footnote	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	56	56	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Footnote	flat
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 imitate	punct
5	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Ojibways	det
6	Ojibways	ojibway	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 imitate	nsubj
7	imitate	imitate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 Footnote	parataxis
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 hoot	det
9	hoot	hoot	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 imitate	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 owl	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 owl	det
12	owl	owl	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hoot	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 howl	cc
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 howl	det
15	howl	howl	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 owl	conj
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 wolf	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 wolf	det
18	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 howl	nmod
19	to	to	ADP	_	20 perfection	case
20	perfection	perfection	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 wolf	nmod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 use	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 use	cc
23	often	often	ADV	_	24 use	advmod
24	use	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 imitate	conj
25	these	this	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	26 cries	det
26	cries	cry	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 use	obj
27	as	as	ADP	_	28 signals	case
28	signals	signal	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 use	obl
29	to	to	ADP	_	30 each	case
30	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	24 use	obl
31	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 each	fixed
32	in	in	ADP	_	33 war	case
33	war	war	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 use	obl
34	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 chase	cc
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 chase	det
36	chase	chase	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 war	conj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 Footnote	punct
38	]	]	PUNCT	_	2 Footnote	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	imitate	present	the Ojibways	the hoot of the owl and the howl of the wolf to perfection			vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hoot=Theme
2	use	present	the Ojibways not said here	this cries	war and the chase	as signals; to each; often property	vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent cry=Duration as signal=Attribute
4	hoot		the owl and the howl of the wolf to perfection				nom hoot «communication intransitive»: of=agent
5	howl		the wolf to perfection				nom howl «communication intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/21/17/

🌲 Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4, sentence 17

The tree

Pragmatics

Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4, sentence 17