Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4, sentence 73
Sometimes he walks over on the Bridge (or path) of the Spirits--Wanâgee Ta-chan-ku,--and sometimes he sails over the sea of the skies in his shining canoe; but _somehow_, and the Dakotas do not explain how, he gets back again to the lodge of Hannanna in time to take a nap and eat his breakfast before starting anew on his journey.
Who acts: Sun, Dakotas · What happens: walk over, sail, shine, not explain, get back, take · To what, where: Bridge, Wanâgee chan ku, sea, nap, breakfast, journey
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sun, Dakotas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 3 walks | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 walks | nsubj |
| 3 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | over | over | ADV | _ | 3 walks | advmod |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 Bridge | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Bridge | det |
| 7 | Bridge | Bridge | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 walks | obl |
| 8 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 path | punct |
| 9 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 10 path | cc |
| 10 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 Bridge | appos |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 path | punct |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 Spirits | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Spirits | det |
| 14 | Spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 path | nmod |
| 15 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 16 Wanâgee | punct |
| 16 | Wanâgee | Wanâgee | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 ku | compound |
| 17 | Ta | Ta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Wanâgee | flat |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 chan | punct |
| 19 | chan | chan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 ku | compound |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 chan | punct |
| 21 | ku | ku | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 path | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 sails | punct |
| 23 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 27 sails | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 sails | cc |
| 25 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 27 sails | advmod |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 sails | nsubj |
| 27 | sails | sail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 ku | acl:relcl |
| 28 | over | over | ADP | _ | 30 sea | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 sea | det |
| 30 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 sails | obl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 skies | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 skies | det |
| 33 | skies | sky | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 sea | nmod |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 canoe | case |
| 35 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 canoe | nmod:poss |
| 36 | shining | shine | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 37 canoe | amod |
| 37 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 skies | nmod |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 41 somehow | punct |
| 39 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 41 somehow | cc |
| 40 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 41 somehow | punct |
| 41 | somehow | somehow | ADV | _ | 3 walks | advmod |
| 42 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 41 somehow | punct |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 explain | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 explain | cc |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 Dakotas | det |
| 46 | Dakotas | dakota | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 explain | nsubj |
| 47 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 49 explain | aux |
| 48 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 49 explain | advmod |
| 49 | explain | explain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 walks | conj |
| 50 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 49 explain | advmod |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 gets | punct |
| 52 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 53 gets | nsubj |
| 53 | gets | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 walks | conj |
| 54 | back | back | ADV | _ | 53 gets | advmod |
| 55 | again | again | ADV | _ | 53 gets | advmod |
| 56 | to | to | ADP | _ | 58 lodge | case |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 lodge | det |
| 58 | lodge | lodge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 gets | obl |
| 59 | of | of | ADP | _ | 60 Hannanna | case |
| 60 | Hannanna | Hannanna | PROPN | Number=Sing | 58 lodge | nmod |
| 61 | in | in | ADP | _ | 62 time | case |
| 62 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 gets | obl |
| 63 | to | to | PART | _ | 64 take | mark |
| 64 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 53 gets | advcl |
| 65 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 66 nap | det |
| 66 | nap | nap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 take | obj |
| 67 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 68 eat | cc |
| 68 | eat | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 64 take | conj |
| 69 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 70 breakfast | nmod:poss |
| 70 | breakfast | breakfast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 eat | obj |
| 71 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 72 starting | mark |
| 72 | starting | start | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 68 eat | advcl |
| 73 | anew | anew | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 72 starting | xcomp |
| 74 | on | on | ADP | _ | 76 journey | case |
| 75 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 76 journey | nmod:poss |
| 76 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 starting | obl |
| 77 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 walks | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk over | present | Sun | the Bridge | over, somehow, sometimes property | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | sail | present | Sun | Wanâgee chan ku not said here | the sea of the skies in Sun's shining canoe | sometimes property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ku=Theme over sea=Trajectory | ||
| 3 | shine | gerund | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | not explain speech: assert | present · do-support | the Dakotas | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | get back | present | Sun | again; time | to the lodge of Hannanna result | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to lodge=Result | |||
| 6 | take | to-infinitive | Sun not said here | a nap | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nap=Theme | ||||
| 7 | eat | infinitive | Sun not said here | Sun's breakfast | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent breakfast=Patient | ||||
| 8 | start | gerund | Sun not said here | Sun's journey | anew property | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||
| 9 | journey | Sun | nom journey «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/21/73/