Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 5, sentence 16
It must contain four kinds of medicine (or magic) representing birds, beasts, herbs and trees, viz: The down of the female swan colored red, the roots of certain grasses, bark from the roots of cedar trees, and hair of the buffalo. "
Who acts: sack, down · What happens: contain, represent, color · To what, where: four kinds, roots
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sack, down), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 contain | nsubj |
| 2 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 contain | aux |
| 3 | contain | contain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 kinds | nummod |
| 5 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 contain | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 medicine | case |
| 7 | medicine | medicine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 kinds | nmod |
| 8 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 10 magic | punct |
| 9 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 10 magic | cc |
| 10 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 birds | compound |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 10 magic | punct |
| 12 | representing | represent | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 birds | amod |
| 13 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 kinds | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 beasts | punct |
| 15 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 birds | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 herbs | punct |
| 17 | herbs | herb | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 birds | conj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 trees | cc |
| 19 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 birds | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 viz | punct |
| 21 | viz | viz | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 kinds | nmod |
| 22 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 colored | punct |
| 23 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 down | det |
| 24 | down | down | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 colored | nsubj |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 swan | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 swan | det |
| 27 | female | female | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 swan | amod |
| 28 | swan | swan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 down | nmod |
| 29 | colored | color | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 contain | conj |
| 30 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 colored | xcomp |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 roots | punct |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 roots | det |
| 33 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 colored | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 grasses | case |
| 35 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 grasses | amod |
| 36 | grasses | grass | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 roots | nmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 bark | punct |
| 38 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 roots | conj |
| 39 | from | from | ADP | _ | 41 roots | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 roots | det |
| 41 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 bark | nmod |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 trees | case |
| 43 | cedar | cedar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 trees | compound |
| 44 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 roots | nmod |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 hair | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 hair | cc |
| 47 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 colored | obl |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 buffalo | case |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 buffalo | det |
| 50 | buffalo | buffalo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 hair | nmod |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 contain | punct |
| 52 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 contain | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | contain | must | sack | four kinds of medicine magic representing birds and beasts and herbs and trees viz | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot kind=Theme | ||||
| 2 | represent | gerund | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | color | past | the down of the female swan | the roots of certain grasses and bark from the roots of cedar trees | hair of the buffalo obl; red property | vn coloring-24 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/22/16/