Legends of the Northwest, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 5, sentence 21
[Footnote 83: Gâh-ma-na-tek-wâhk--_the river of many falls_--is the Ojibway name of the river commonly called Kaministiguia, near the mouth of which is situate Fort William, on the site of DuLuth's old fort.
Who acts: Gâh, Footnote · What happens: wâhk, be, call · To what, where: Ojibway name, river, mouth · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, In the Measure of Hiawatha, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gâh, Footnote), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 Footnote | punct |
| 2 | Footnote | footnote | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 name | nsubj |
| 3 | 83 | 83 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 Footnote | flat |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 wâhk | punct |
| 5 | Gâh | Gâh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 wâhk | nsubj |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 Gâh | punct |
| 7 | ma | ma | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 wâhk | nsubj |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 ma | punct |
| 9 | na | na | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 wâhk | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 tek | punct |
| 11 | tek | tek | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 wâhk | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 tek | punct |
| 13 | wâhk | wâhk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Footnote | conj |
| 14 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 17 river | punct |
| 15 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 17 river | punct |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 river | det |
| 17 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 wâhk | appos |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 falls | case |
| 19 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 falls | amod |
| 20 | falls | fall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 river | nmod |
| 21 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 17 river | punct |
| 22 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 2 Footnote | punct |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 name | cop |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 name | det |
| 25 | Ojibway | Ojibway | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 name | compound |
| 26 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 river | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 river | det |
| 29 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 name | nmod |
| 30 | commonly | commonly | ADV | _ | 31 called | advmod |
| 31 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 river | acl |
| 32 | Kaministiguia | Kaministiguia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 called | xcomp |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 mouth | punct |
| 34 | near | near | ADP | _ | 36 mouth | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 mouth | det |
| 36 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 called | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 which | case |
| 38 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 situate | obl |
| 39 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 situate | cop |
| 40 | situate | situate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 mouth | appos |
| 41 | Fort | Fort | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 William | compound |
| 42 | William | William | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 situate | vocative |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 site | punct |
| 44 | on | on | ADP | _ | 46 site | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 site | det |
| 46 | site | site | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 situate | conj |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 fort | case |
| 48 | DuLuth | DuLuth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 fort | nmod:poss |
| 49 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 48 DuLuth | case |
| 50 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 fort | amod |
| 51 | fort | fort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 site | nmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 26 name | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wâhk | Gâh | ma nsubj; the river of many falls appos | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | Footnote and na tek wâhk | the Ojibway name | of the river | tree rules | |||
| 3 | call | participle | the river not said here | the mouth | Kaministiguia xcomp; commonly property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 4 | is | present | of the mouth; Fort William vocative; the site of DuLuth's old fort conj; situate property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/22/21/