Legends of the Northwest, Heyóka Wacípee [16]--the Giant's Dance., sentence 32
Three times Wakâwa puffed forth the smoke From his silent lips; then he slowly spoke: "Mâhpíya is strong as the stout-armed oak That stands on the bluff by the windy plain, And laughs at the roar of the hurricane.
Who acts: Wakâwa, Mâhpíya, That, hurricane · What happens: puff, speak, be, stand, laugh, roar · To what, where: smoke, silent lips, bluff, roar · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Heyóka Wacípee [16]--the Giant's Dance.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wakâwa, Mâhpíya, That, hurricane), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 times | nummod |
| 2 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 puffed | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | Wakâwa | Wakâwa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 puffed | nsubj |
| 4 | puffed | puff | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 4 puffed | advmod |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 smoke | det |
| 7 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 puffed | obj |
| 8 | From | from | ADP | _ | 11 lips | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 lips | nmod:poss |
| 10 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 lips | amod |
| 11 | lips | lip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 puffed | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 spoke | punct |
| 13 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 spoke | advmod |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 spoke | nsubj |
| 15 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 16 spoke | advmod |
| 16 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 puffed | parataxis |
| 17 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 21 strong | punct |
| 18 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 strong | punct |
| 19 | Mâhpíya | Mâhpíya | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 strong | nsubj |
| 20 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 strong | cop |
| 21 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 spoke | parataxis |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 27 oak | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 oak | det |
| 24 | stout | stout | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 armed | compound |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 stout | punct |
| 26 | armed | armed | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 oak | amod |
| 27 | oak | oak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 stands | obl |
| 28 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 29 stands | nsubj |
| 29 | stands | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 strong | conj |
| 30 | on | on | ADP | _ | 32 bluff | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 bluff | det |
| 32 | bluff | bluff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 stands | obl |
| 33 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 plain | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 plain | det |
| 35 | windy | windy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 plain | amod |
| 36 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 stands | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 laughs | punct |
| 38 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 laughs | cc |
| 39 | laughs | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 puffed | parataxis |
| 40 | at | at | ADP | _ | 42 roar | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 roar | det |
| 42 | roar | roar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 laughs | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 hurricane | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 hurricane | det |
| 45 | hurricane | hurricane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 roar | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 puffed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | puff | past | Wakâwa | the smoke | Wakâwa's silent lips | time | forth property | tree rules | |
| 2 | speak speech: other | past | Wakâwa | then | slowly property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | is in a quote | present | Mâhpíya | strong property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | stand in a quote | present | That | the bluff | as the armed oak; by the windy plain | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bluff=Location | |||
| 5 | laugh in a quote | present | the roar of the hurricane | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | roar in a quote | the hurricane | nom roar «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the Northwest» by Hanford Lennox Gordon, Project Gutenberg book 8122 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8122/7/32/