In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 114
I am afraid even to think of the size of the volume that would be needed to cover it….
Who acts: I · What happens: be, think, need, cover · To what, where: volume
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 afraid | nsubj |
| 2 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 afraid | cop |
| 3 | afraid | afraid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | even | even | ADV | _ | 6 think | advmod |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 think | mark |
| 6 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 afraid | ccomp |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 size | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 size | det |
| 9 | size | size | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 think | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 volume | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 volume | det |
| 12 | volume | volume | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 size | nmod |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 needed | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 needed | aux |
| 15 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 16 needed | aux:pass |
| 16 | needed | need | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 volume | acl:relcl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 cover | mark |
| 18 | cover | cover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 needed | advcl |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 cover | obj |
| 20 | …. | .. | PUNCT | _ | 3 afraid | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | I | afraid property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | think speech: other | to-infinitive | I not said here | of the size of the volume | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | need | would · passive | the volume | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | cover | to-infinitive | volume | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/114/