In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 119
After this should follow an outline of the history of mixed incenses made in Japan,—with notes on the classifications devised by the luxurious Takauji, and on the nomenclature established later by Ashikaga Yoshimasa, who collected one hundred and thirty varieties of incense, and invented for the more precious of them names recognized even to this day,—such as “Blossom-Showering,” “Smoke-of-Fuji,” and “Flower-of-the-Pure-Law.”
Who acts: this, nomenclature · What happens: follow, mix, make, devise, establish, collect · To what, where: outline, mixed incenses, Japan, classifications, nomenclature, hundred varieties
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, nomenclature), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | After | after | SCONJ | _ | 4 follow | mark |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 follow | nsubj |
| 3 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 follow | aux |
| 4 | follow | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 outline | det |
| 6 | outline | outline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 follow | obj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 history | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 history | det |
| 9 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 outline | nmod |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 incenses | case |
| 11 | mixed | mix | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 incenses | amod |
| 12 | incenses | incense | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 history | nmod |
| 13 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 incenses | acl |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 Japan | case |
| 15 | Japan | Japan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 made | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 follow | punct |
| 17 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 notes | punct |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 notes | case |
| 19 | notes | note | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 follow | obl |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 22 classifications | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 classifications | det |
| 22 | classifications | classification | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 notes | nmod |
| 23 | devised | devise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 classifications | acl |
| 24 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 Takauji | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Takauji | det |
| 26 | luxurious | luxurious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 Takauji | amod |
| 27 | Takauji | Takauji | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 devised | obl:agent |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 nomenclature | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 nomenclature | cc |
| 30 | on | on | ADP | _ | 32 nomenclature | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 nomenclature | det |
| 32 | nomenclature | nomenclature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 notes | conj |
| 33 | established | establish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 nomenclature | acl |
| 34 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 33 established | advmod |
| 35 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 Ashikaga | case |
| 36 | Ashikaga | Ashikaga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 established | obl |
| 37 | Yoshimasa | Yoshimasa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 Ashikaga | flat |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 collected | punct |
| 39 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 collected | nsubj |
| 40 | collected | collect | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 nomenclature | parataxis |
| 41 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 42 hundred | compound |
| 42 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 45 varieties | nummod |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 thirty | cc |
| 44 | thirty | thirty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 42 hundred | conj |
| 45 | varieties | variety | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 collected | obj |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 incense | case |
| 47 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 varieties | nmod |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 invented | punct |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 invented | cc |
| 50 | invented | invent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 collected | parataxis |
| 51 | for | for | ADP | _ | 54 precious | case |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 precious | det |
| 53 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 54 precious | advmod |
| 54 | precious | precious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 invented | conj |
| 55 | of | of | ADP | _ | 56 them | case |
| 56 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 precious | obl |
| 57 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 54 precious | parataxis |
| 58 | recognized | recognize | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 57 names | acl |
| 59 | even | even | ADV | _ | 62 day | advmod |
| 60 | to | to | ADP | _ | 62 day | case |
| 61 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 62 day | det |
| 62 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 recognized | obl:unmarked |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 70 Showering | punct |
| 64 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 70 Showering | punct |
| 65 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 70 Showering | case |
| 66 | as | as | ADP | _ | 65 such | fixed |
| 67 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 70 Showering | punct |
| 68 | Blossom | blossom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 70 Showering | compound |
| 69 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 68 Blossom | punct |
| 70 | Showering | showering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 notes | parataxis |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 70 Showering | punct |
| 72 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 70 Showering | punct |
| 73 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 74 Smoke | punct |
| 74 | Smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 notes | conj |
| 75 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 78 Fuji | punct |
| 76 | of | of | ADP | _ | 78 Fuji | case |
| 77 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 76 of | punct |
| 78 | Fuji | Fuji | PROPN | Number=Sing | 74 Smoke | appos |
| 79 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 78 Fuji | punct |
| 80 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 74 Smoke | punct |
| 81 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 91 Law | cc |
| 82 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 91 Law | punct |
| 83 | Flower | flower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 91 Law | nsubj |
| 84 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 91 Law | punct |
| 85 | of | of | ADP | _ | 91 Law | case |
| 86 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 85 of | punct |
| 87 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 91 Law | det |
| 88 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 87 the | punct |
| 89 | Pure | pure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 91 Law | amod |
| 90 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 89 Pure | punct |
| 91 | Law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 notes | conj |
| 92 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 91 Law | punct |
| 93 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 91 Law | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | should | this | a outline of the history of mixed incenses | with notes on the classifications such as Blossom Showering and the nomenclature and Smoke and the Pure Law Flower | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent outline=Theme | |||
| 2 | mix | participle | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | make | participle | mixed incenses not said here | Japan | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 4 | devise | participle | the classifications not said here | the luxurious Takauji obl:agent | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | establish | participle | the nomenclature not said here | by Ashikaga; late property | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 6 | collect | past | the nomenclature | hundred varieties of incense | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent variety=Theme | ||||
| 7 | invent | participle | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 8 | recognize | participle | names not said here | day | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/119/