In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 157
And the changing of the incense into cold ashes when the flame expires is an emblem of the changing of our bodies into ashes when our funeral pyres have burnt themselves out.”
Who acts: flame, changing · What happens: expire, be, burnt out · To what, where: emblem, funeral pyres
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flame, changing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 changing | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 changing | det |
| 3 | changing | changing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 emblem | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 incense | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 incense | det |
| 6 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 changing | nmod |
| 7 | into | into | ADP | _ | 9 ashes | case |
| 8 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 ashes | amod |
| 9 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 incense | nmod |
| 10 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 13 expires | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 flame | det |
| 12 | flame | flame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 expires | nsubj |
| 13 | expires | expire | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 changing | advcl |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 emblem | cop |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 emblem | det |
| 16 | emblem | emblem | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 changing | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 changing | det |
| 19 | changing | changing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 emblem | nmod |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 bodies | case |
| 21 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 bodies | nmod:poss |
| 22 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 changing | nmod |
| 23 | into | into | ADP | _ | 24 ashes | case |
| 24 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 changing | nmod |
| 25 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 30 burnt | mark |
| 26 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 pyres | nmod:poss |
| 27 | funeral | funeral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 pyres | compound |
| 28 | pyres | pyre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 burnt | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 burnt | aux |
| 30 | burnt | burnt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 emblem | acl |
| 31 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 30 burnt | obj |
| 32 | out | out | ADP | _ | 30 burnt | compound:prt |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 emblem | punct |
| 34 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 emblem | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | expire | present | the flame | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | the changing of the incense into cold ashes | a emblem | of the changing of our bodies into ashes | tree rules | |||
| 3 | burnt out | present · perfect · passive | our funeral pyres | pyres = pyre obj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/157/