In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 172
When the pupil has reached a certain degree of proficiency, she is given a diploma or certificate.
What happens: reach, give · To what, where: pupil
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 5 reached | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 pupil | det |
| 3 | pupil | pupil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 reached | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 reached | aux |
| 5 | reached | reach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 given | advcl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 degree | det |
| 7 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 degree | amod |
| 8 | degree | degree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 reached | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 proficiency | case |
| 10 | proficiency | proficiency | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 degree | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 reached | punct |
| 12 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 given | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 given | aux:pass |
| 14 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 diploma | det |
| 16 | diploma | diploma | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 given | obj |
| 17 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 18 certificate | cc |
| 18 | certificate | certificate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 diploma | conj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 given | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reach | present · perfect · passive | the pupil | a certain degree of proficiency obj | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary degree=Theme | ||||
| 2 | give | present · passive | pupil | a diploma or certificate obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient diploma=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/172/