In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 181
But the incense given by the guests,—always called “guest-incense”—is not divided: it is only put into a wrapper marked with an abbreviation of the Chinese character signifying “guest.”
Who acts: incense, Chinese character · What happens: give, call, not divide, put, mark, signify · To what, where: incense, guest incense, part, wrapper, guest, Chinese character · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (incense, Chinese character), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 incense | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 incense | det |
| 3 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 incense | acl |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 guests | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 guests | det |
| 7 | guests | guest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 given | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 called | punct |
| 9 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 called | punct |
| 10 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 11 called | advmod |
| 11 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 incense | acl |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 incense | punct |
| 13 | guest | guest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 incense | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 guest | punct |
| 15 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 called | xcomp |
| 16 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 incense | punct |
| 17 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 divided | punct |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 divided | aux:pass |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 divided | advmod |
| 20 | divided | divide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 called | conj |
| 21 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 put | punct |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 put | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 put | aux:pass |
| 24 | only | only | ADV | _ | 25 put | advmod |
| 25 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 divided | conj |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 28 wrapper | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 wrapper | det |
| 28 | wrapper | wrapper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 put | obl |
| 29 | marked | mark | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 wrapper | acl |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 abbreviation | case |
| 31 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 abbreviation | det |
| 32 | abbreviation | abbreviation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 marked | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 character | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 character | det |
| 35 | Chinese | Chinese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 character | amod |
| 36 | character | character | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 abbreviation | nmod |
| 37 | signifying | signify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 36 character | acl |
| 38 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 39 guest | punct |
| 39 | guest | guest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 signifying | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 25 put | punct |
| 41 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 incense | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | participle | the incense not said here | by the guests | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | call | participle | the incense not said here | guest incense | always property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | not divide | present · passive | the incense not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V» | |||||
| 4 | put | present · passive | part | a wrapper | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal | ||||
| 5 | mark | participle | a wrapper not said here | with a abbreviation of the Chinese character | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with abbreviation=Theme | ||||
| 6 | signify | gerund | the Chinese character not said here | guest | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot guest=Theme | ||||
| 8 | abbreviate | the Chinese character | nom abbreviation «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/181/