In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 197
As the censer passes from hand to hand, each player, after inhaling the fume, puts into the tablet-box one tablet bearing that mark or number which he supposes to be the mark or number of the incense he has smelled.
Who acts: censer, mark, set · What happens: pass, inhale, put, suppose, be, smell · To what, where: hand, fume, one tablet bearing, tablet box, mark, incense
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (censer, mark, set), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 passes | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 censer | det |
| 3 | censer | censer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 passes | nsubj |
| 4 | passes | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 puts | advcl |
| 5 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 hand | case |
| 6 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 passes | obl |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 hand | case |
| 8 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 passes | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 player | punct |
| 10 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 11 player | det |
| 11 | player | player | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 hand | appos |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 inhaling | punct |
| 13 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 14 inhaling | mark |
| 14 | inhaling | inhale | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 passes | advcl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 fume | det |
| 16 | fume | fume | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 inhaling | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 puts | punct |
| 18 | puts | put | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 19 | into | into | ADP | _ | 23 box | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 box | det |
| 21 | tablet | tablet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 box | compound |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 tablet | punct |
| 23 | box | box | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 puts | obl |
| 24 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 26 bearing | nummod |
| 25 | tablet | tablet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 bearing | compound |
| 26 | bearing | bearing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 puts | obj |
| 27 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 mark | det |
| 28 | mark | mark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 bearing | conj |
| 29 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 30 number | cc |
| 30 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 mark | conj |
| 31 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 supposes | nsubj |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 supposes | nsubj |
| 33 | supposes | suppose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 mark | acl:relcl |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 mark | mark |
| 35 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 37 mark | cop |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 mark | det |
| 37 | mark | mark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 supposes | obj |
| 38 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 39 number | cc |
| 39 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 mark | conj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 incense | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 incense | det |
| 42 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 number | nmod |
| 43 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 smelled | nsubj |
| 44 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 smelled | aux |
| 45 | smelled | smell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 42 incense | acl:relcl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 puts | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | present | the censer | hand | to hand | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from hand=Initial_Location to hand=Destination | |||
| 2 | inhale | gerund | the censer not said here | the fume | vn exhale-40.1.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fume=Theme | ||||
| 3 | put | present | one tablet bearing and that mark or number | the tablet box | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent bearing=Goal | ||||
| 4 | suppose | present | that mark or number | set nsubj | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | is a | to-infinitive | the mark or number of the incense | number of the incense conj | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | smell | present · perfect | set | the incense not said here | vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer incense=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/197/