In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 28
Then first to the pilgrim’s gaze the steeps revealed their nakedness;—and a trembling seized him,—and a ghastly fear.
Who acts: steeps, trembling · What happens: gaze, reveal, seize · To what, where: nakedness, flame
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (steeps, trembling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 gaze | advmod |
| 2 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 7 gaze | advmod |
| 3 | to | to | SCONJ | _ | 7 gaze | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 pilgrim | det |
| 5 | pilgrim | pilgrim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gaze | nmod:poss |
| 6 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 5 pilgrim | case |
| 7 | gaze | gaze | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 steeps | det |
| 9 | steeps | steep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 revealed | nsubj |
| 10 | revealed | reveal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 gaze | ccomp |
| 11 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 nakedness | nmod:poss |
| 12 | nakedness | nakedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 revealed | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 7 gaze | punct |
| 14 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 seized | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 seized | cc |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 trembling | det |
| 17 | trembling | trembling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 seized | nsubj |
| 18 | seized | seize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 gaze | parataxis |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 seized | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 seized | punct |
| 21 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 fear | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 fear | cc |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 fear | det |
| 24 | ghastly | ghastly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 fear | amod |
| 25 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gaze | parataxis |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 gaze | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gaze | to-infinitive | then | the pilgrim nmod:poss; a ghastly fear parataxis; first property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | reveal | past | the steeps | steeps's nakedness | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nakedness=Topic | ||||
| 3 | seize | past | a trembling | flame | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/28/